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《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Resources and Ecology
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Resources and Ecology (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/9#〈條目編號〉
《香港志·自然》自然環境 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/11#〈條目編號〉
Substitute the entry’s page number and ID (shown as 〈頁碼〉/〈條目編號〉) into the pattern above. The same templates, plus rules and limits, are in the citation block of /api/v1/archive.json.
二疊紀
踏入二疊紀時期,氣候變得寒冷而乾燥,此條件對種子植物的繁衍十分有利。
Entering the Permian period, the climate became cold and dry, conditions very favourable for the reproduction of seed plants.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.480
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 2 章 二疊紀沉積岩——大埔海組——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章專講香港嘅二疊紀地層(大埔海組),並記述鑽芯中嘅二疊紀有孔蟲微體化石;志錄二疊紀條目嘅露頭、巖性同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 2. Permian Sedimentary Rocks – Tolo Harbour Formation — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 2 is devoted to Hong Kong’s Permian strata (the Tolo Harbour Formation) and records Permian foraminifera in drill core — matching the Permian-labelled archive entries.
environment
白堊紀 · 八仙嶺
八仙嶺一帶地處大埔船灣淡水湖北面,當地白堊紀巖層朝北方傾斜,形成多個單斜構造。
The Pat Sin Leng area lies north of Plover Cove Reservoir in Tai Po, where Cretaceous strata dip northwards and form several monoclinal structures.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.199
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):八仙嶺組(白堊紀)——第 35、38 頁(PDF 第 38、41 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書白堊紀紅層一章把八仙嶺組列為同期地層,並比較其礫岩成分;志錄條目嘅八仙嶺組礫岩層位同傾斜方向記載同屬同一地層。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Pat Sin Leng Formation (Cretaceous) — printed pp. 35、38 (PDF pp. 38、41); same rock unit. The Guide records: The Cretaceous “Red Beds” chapter lists the Pat Sin Leng Formation among the contemporaneous strata and compares its conglomerate, matching the archive entries on that formation.
geography
侏羅紀 · 西貢
赤徑斷層位於大灘破火山口南緣,相信控制侏羅紀該地區火山活動。
The Chek Keng Fault is located at the southern margin of the Tai Tan Caldera and is believed to have controlled Jurassic volcanic activity in the area.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.195
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 3、4 章 早至中侏羅紀河流沉積(大澳組)/火山碎屑岩(荔枝莊組)——第 22–34 頁(PDF 第 25–37 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 3、4 章專講香港嘅侏羅紀沉積岩(大澳組、荔枝莊組),並提及地層曾被誤判為石炭紀後由化石改判;志錄侏羅紀條目嘅年代、沉積環境同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 3 and 4. Early–Middle Jurassic fluvial deposits (Tai O Formation) and volcaniclastic rocks (Lai Chi Chong Formation) — printed pp. 22–34 (PDF pp. 25–37); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 3 and 4 cover Hong Kong’s Jurassic sedimentary rocks (Tai O and Lai Chi Chong formations), including the fossil-based re-dating from an earlier Carboniferous assignment.
geography
晚侏羅紀至早白堊紀 · 赤鱲角
赤鱲角岩石以中生代花崗巖為主,涵蓋晚侏羅紀細粒及早白堊紀細至中粒花崗巖。
The rocks of Chek Lap Kok are mainly Mesozoic granite, including Late Jurassic fine-grained and Early Cretaceous fine- to medium-grained granite.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.143
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 3、4 章 早至中侏羅紀河流沉積(大澳組)/火山碎屑岩(荔枝莊組)——第 22–34 頁(PDF 第 25–37 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 3、4 章專講香港嘅侏羅紀沉積岩(大澳組、荔枝莊組),並提及地層曾被誤判為石炭紀後由化石改判;志錄侏羅紀條目嘅年代、沉積環境同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 3 and 4. Early–Middle Jurassic fluvial deposits (Tai O Formation) and volcaniclastic rocks (Lai Chi Chong Formation) — printed pp. 22–34 (PDF pp. 25–37); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 3 and 4 cover Hong Kong’s Jurassic sedimentary rocks (Tai O and Lai Chi Chong formations), including the fossil-based re-dating from an earlier Carboniferous assignment.
geography
侏羅紀末期至白堊紀初期 · 香港
除上述者外,另外三組火山岩群則於侏羅紀晚期至白堊紀早期之間生成。
Apart from the above, the other three volcanic rock groups were formed between the Late Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.101
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 3、4 章 早至中侏羅紀河流沉積(大澳組)/火山碎屑岩(荔枝莊組)——第 22–34 頁(PDF 第 25–37 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 3、4 章專講香港嘅侏羅紀沉積岩(大澳組、荔枝莊組),並提及地層曾被誤判為石炭紀後由化石改判;志錄侏羅紀條目嘅年代、沉積環境同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 3 and 4. Early–Middle Jurassic fluvial deposits (Tai O Formation) and volcaniclastic rocks (Lai Chi Chong Formation) — printed pp. 22–34 (PDF pp. 25–37); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 3 and 4 cover Hong Kong’s Jurassic sedimentary rocks (Tai O and Lai Chi Chong formations), including the fossil-based re-dating from an earlier Carboniferous assignment.
geography
侏羅紀 · 吐露港
大澳組的零星露頭亦可見於企嶺下海、深涌,以及中文大學附近一帶(位於新界吐露港)。
Sporadic outcrops of the Tai O Formation can also be seen at Kei Ling Ha Hoi, Sham Chung, and the area near the Chinese University (at Tolo Harbour in the New Territories).
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.97
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):大澳組(早至中侏羅紀)——第 22–27 頁(PDF 第 25–30 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 3 章以大嶼山狗伸地(大澳)為點講大澳組河流沉積;文中亦記述早年曾誤把大澳組併入石炭紀新田群米埔段,其後由化石改判——同志錄條目嘅大澳組名稱、分佈同河流環境描述一致。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tai O Formation (Early to Middle Jurassic) — printed pp. 22–27 (PDF pp. 25–30); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 3 presents the Tai O Formation at Kau San Tei, Tai O, and records that it was once mis-assigned to the Carboniferous Mai Po Member before fossil evidence re-dated it.
The Tai O Formation is the formal name for Jurassic sedimentary rock in Hong Kong, mainly exposed in the northwestern part of Lantau, covering the coastal area between Tai O and Sham Wat Wan.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.97
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):大澳組(早至中侏羅紀)——第 22–27 頁(PDF 第 25–30 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 3 章以大嶼山狗伸地(大澳)為點講大澳組河流沉積;文中亦記述早年曾誤把大澳組併入石炭紀新田群米埔段,其後由化石改判——同志錄條目嘅大澳組名稱、分佈同河流環境描述一致。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tai O Formation (Early to Middle Jurassic) — printed pp. 22–27 (PDF pp. 25–30); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 3 presents the Tai O Formation at Kau San Tei, Tai O, and records that it was once mis-assigned to the Carboniferous Mai Po Member before fossil evidence re-dated it.
geography
二疊紀 · 馬屎洲
大埔海馬屎洲一帶是二疊紀大埔海組沉積巖層的主要露頭所在,其巖性以砂岩及粉砂岩構成。
The area around Ma Shi Chau in Tai Po Hoi is the main outcrop of the Permian Tai Po Hoi Formation sedimentary strata, which are composed of sandstone and siltstone.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.199
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):大埔海組(二疊紀)——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章講二疊紀大埔海組(Tolo Harbour Formation),露頭集中喺吐露港一帶,包括馬屎洲、丫洲、香港中文大學同吐露港西岸;志錄條目講嘅主要露頭位置、上/下段巖性同化石屬同一岩組。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tolo Harbour Formation (Permian) — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 2 covers the Permian Tolo Harbour Formation, exposed around Tolo Harbour including Ma Shi Chau, Centre Island and the Chinese University — the same unit and outcrops the archive describes.
geography
下侏羅紀 · 大棠
大棠一帶出露的赤門組,以細晶砂岩及粉砂岩為主要岩石,並發現菊石化石,推斷屬下侏羅紀。
The Tuen Mun Formation exposed around Tai Tong consists mainly of fine-grained sandstone and siltstone, with ammonite fossils found, inferred to be of Early Jurassic age.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.97
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 3、4 章 早至中侏羅紀河流沉積(大澳組)/火山碎屑岩(荔枝莊組)——第 22–34 頁(PDF 第 25–37 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 3、4 章專講香港嘅侏羅紀沉積岩(大澳組、荔枝莊組),並提及地層曾被誤判為石炭紀後由化石改判;志錄侏羅紀條目嘅年代、沉積環境同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 3 and 4. Early–Middle Jurassic fluvial deposits (Tai O Formation) and volcaniclastic rocks (Lai Chi Chong Formation) — printed pp. 22–34 (PDF pp. 25–37); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 3 and 4 cover Hong Kong’s Jurassic sedimentary rocks (Tai O and Lai Chi Chong formations), including the fossil-based re-dating from an earlier Carboniferous assignment.
geography
三疊紀 · 香港
根據現有研究,蓮花山斷裂帶的雛形可追溯至三疊紀時期。
According to existing research, the prototype of the Lianhuashan Fault Zone can be traced back to the Triassic period.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.192
geography
元古代 · 香港
華南板塊為香港所處位置,該板塊形成年代可上溯至距今二十餘億年前的元古代。
Hong Kong is located on the South China Plate, which was formed as far back as the Proterozoic, over two billion years ago.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.26
geography
侏羅紀至白堊紀 · 華南沿岸
華南沿岸的寬敞巖漿帶,源於古老闆塊自南方俯衝至華南板塊。
The broad magmatic belt along the coast of South China originated from the subduction of an ancient plate southwards beneath the South China Plate.
The Lianhuashan Fault Zone reached peak activity during the Mesozoic and dominated the formation and distribution of volcanic and intrusive rocks from the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.192
geography
晚白堊世 · 香港
蓮花山斷裂帶在晚白堊世發生脆性斷層。
The Lianhuashan Fault Zone experienced brittle faulting during the Late Cretaceous.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.192
geography
晚侏羅世至早白堊世 · 香港
蓮花山斷裂帶在晚侏羅世至早白堊世階段,經歷了具韌性特徵的左旋剪切變形。
During the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, the Lianhuashan Fault Zone underwent ductile sinistral shear deformation.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.192
geography
中侏羅世早期 · 荃灣
荃灣火山岩群形成於中侏羅世早期。
The Tsuen Wan volcanic rock group was formed in the early Middle Jurassic.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.101
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):荃灣火山群——第 72 頁(PDF 第 75 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書(第 10 章,印刷頁 72)記述 Langford(1995)把香港最厚嘅火山岩系分上下兩部:上部命名淺水灣火山群、下部命名荃灣火山群;志錄條目嘅荃灣火山岩羣名稱同一分法一致。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tsuen Wan Volcanic Group — printed pp. 72 (PDF pp. 75); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 10 (p. 72) records Langford’s (1995) division of Hong Kong’s thickest volcanic succession into the upper Repulse Bay Volcanic Group and the lower Tsuen Wan Volcanic Group.
geography
石炭紀 · 華南地區
石炭紀發生海浸,令華南地區形成大陸架,並沉積厚層石灰岩。
A marine transgression occurred during the Carboniferous, leading to the formation of a continental shelf in South China and the deposition of thick limestone layers.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.26
geography
石炭紀 · 香港
石炭紀約3.4億年前形成的沉積巖,經局部變質作用後產生豐富石墨資源。
Sedimentary rocks formed about 340 million years ago in the Carboniferous Period produced abundant graphite resources after local metamorphism.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.97
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 7 章 變質沉積岩——落馬洲組(連元朗組大理石)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭界定香港嘅石炭紀岩石=新田群(元朗組大理石+落馬洲組),並提及屯門組東面以斷層接石炭紀落馬洲組;志錄石炭紀條目(含早石炭紀)嘅巖性同分佈同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 7. Metasedimentary Rocks – Lok Ma Chau Formation (with Yuen Long Formation marble) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 7 defines Hong Kong’s Carboniferous rocks as the San Tin Group (Yuen Long Formation marble plus the Lok Ma Chau Formation) and notes the fault contact with the Tuen Mun Formation — matching the archive’s Carboniferous (including Early Carboniferous) entries.
In the late Mesozoic, plate activity changed to extension, and numerous extensional basins successively formed along the coast of South China and on the continental shelf north of the South China Sea, some of which contain large amounts of oil and natural gas.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.26
geography
晚白堊紀 · 香港
晚白堊紀八仙嶺組、赤洲組和吉澳組由紅色礫巖、砂岩和頁巖組成。
The Late Cretaceous Pat Sin Leng, Port Island and Kat O formations are composed of red conglomerate, sandstone and shale.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.192
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):八仙嶺組(白堊紀)——第 35、38 頁(PDF 第 38、41 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書白堊紀紅層一章把八仙嶺組列為同期地層,並比較其礫岩成分;志錄條目嘅八仙嶺組礫岩層位同傾斜方向記載同屬同一地層。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Pat Sin Leng Formation (Cretaceous) — printed pp. 35、38 (PDF pp. 38、41); same rock unit. The Guide records: The Cretaceous “Red Beds” chapter lists the Pat Sin Leng Formation among the contemporaneous strata and compares its conglomerate, matching the archive entries on that formation.
geography
晚侏羅至早白堊紀 · 香港
晚侏羅紀至早白堊紀時,香港位處中國東南邊緣一片面積遼闊的巖漿活動地帶之中。
From the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, Hong Kong was situated within a vast magmatic belt on the southeastern margin of China.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.100
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 3、4 章 早至中侏羅紀河流沉積(大澳組)/火山碎屑岩(荔枝莊組)——第 22–34 頁(PDF 第 25–37 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 3、4 章專講香港嘅侏羅紀沉積岩(大澳組、荔枝莊組),並提及地層曾被誤判為石炭紀後由化石改判;志錄侏羅紀條目嘅年代、沉積環境同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 3 and 4. Early–Middle Jurassic fluvial deposits (Tai O Formation) and volcaniclastic rocks (Lai Chi Chong Formation) — printed pp. 22–34 (PDF pp. 25–37); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 3 and 4 cover Hong Kong’s Jurassic sedimentary rocks (Tai O and Lai Chi Chong formations), including the fossil-based re-dating from an earlier Carboniferous assignment.
geography
上侏羅紀至下白堊紀 · 深圳
香港火山岩可與深圳地區上侏羅紀至下白堊紀之梧桐山群和七娘山群作對比。
Hong Kong's volcanic rocks can be compared with the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous Wutongshan Group and Qiniangshan Group of the Shenzhen area.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.99
geography
侏羅紀至始新世 · 香港
香港境內地殼構造運動主要發生於侏羅紀至始新世。
Tectonic movements within Hong Kong's territory mainly occurred from the Jurassic to the Eocene.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.35
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 3、4 章 早至中侏羅紀河流沉積(大澳組)/火山碎屑岩(荔枝莊組)——第 22–34 頁(PDF 第 25–37 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 3、4 章專講香港嘅侏羅紀沉積岩(大澳組、荔枝莊組),並提及地層曾被誤判為石炭紀後由化石改判;志錄侏羅紀條目嘅年代、沉積環境同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 3 and 4. Early–Middle Jurassic fluvial deposits (Tai O Formation) and volcaniclastic rocks (Lai Chi Chong Formation) — printed pp. 22–34 (PDF pp. 25–37); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 3 and 4 cover Hong Kong’s Jurassic sedimentary rocks (Tai O and Lai Chi Chong formations), including the fossil-based re-dating from an earlier Carboniferous assignment.
geography
晚古生代泥盆紀 · 香港
香港境內已知年代最久遠的巖層,出現於古生代後期之泥盆紀。
The oldest known rock formation in Hong Kong dates from the Devonian period of the late Palaeozoic era.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.26
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 1 章 香港最古老嘅出露岩石——黃竹角咀組——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 1 章專講香港嘅泥盆紀地層(黃竹角咀組),並註明馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄泥盆紀條目嘅層序、化石同環境描述對應同一批沉積岩。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 1. Oldest Rocks Exposed in Hong Kong – The Bluff Head Formation — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 1 is devoted to Hong Kong’s Devonian strata (the Bluff Head Formation), noting outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same sedimentary rocks the Devonian-labelled archive entries describe.
Volcanic activity in Hong Kong was frequent from about 165 million to 140 million years ago, accompanied by granitic magma intrusion, spanning the Middle Jurassic and Early Cretaceous periods.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.97
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 3、4 章 早至中侏羅紀河流沉積(大澳組)/火山碎屑岩(荔枝莊組)——第 22–34 頁(PDF 第 25–37 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 3、4 章專講香港嘅侏羅紀沉積岩(大澳組、荔枝莊組),並提及地層曾被誤判為石炭紀後由化石改判;志錄侏羅紀條目嘅年代、沉積環境同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 3 and 4. Early–Middle Jurassic fluvial deposits (Tai O Formation) and volcaniclastic rocks (Lai Chi Chong Formation) — printed pp. 22–34 (PDF pp. 25–37); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 3 and 4 cover Hong Kong’s Jurassic sedimentary rocks (Tai O and Lai Chi Chong formations), including the fossil-based re-dating from an earlier Carboniferous assignment.
geography
晚白堊紀 · 新界東北
新界東北晚白堊紀地層向東北傾斜,與區域拉張盆地方向一致。
Late Cretaceous strata in northeastern New Territories dip towards the northeast, consistent with the direction of regional extensional basins.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.192
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 5 章 白堊紀「紅層」——赤洲組;第 20 章 白堊紀蒲台花崗岩——第 35–39、131–136 頁(PDF 第 38–42、134–139 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 5 章講白堊紀紅層(赤洲組、八仙嶺組),第 20 章講白堊紀蒲台花崗岩;志錄白堊紀條目嘅紅層巖性、傾角同侵入岩年代同呢兩章對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 5. Cretaceous “Red Beds” – Kat O Formation; Chapter 20. Cretaceous Po Toi Granite — printed pp. 35–39、131–136 (PDF pp. 38–42、134–139); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 5 covers the Cretaceous “Red Beds” (Kat O and Pat Sin Leng formations) and Chapter 20 the Cretaceous Po Toi Granite — matching the archive’s Cretaceous entries on red beds and intrusive rocks.
geography
白堊紀晚期至新生代 · 香港
由白堊紀晚期延伸至新生代,香港盆地之所以誕生,源於喜馬拉雅造山運動以及中國南海的生成。
Extending from the Late Cretaceous to the Cenozoic, the Hong Kong Basin was formed as a result of the Himalayan orogeny and the creation of the South China Sea.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.195
geography
侏羅紀 · 香港東北
有觀點指出,香港東北區域的褶曲,源於侏羅紀期間華南板塊與其南方古板塊之間的碰撞作用。
It has been suggested that the folds in the northeastern region of Hong Kong originated from the collision between the South China Plate and an ancient plate to its south during the Jurassic period.
In the Tuen Mun area, the strata of the Carboniferous Lok Ma Chau Formation dip gently towards the northwest, and fold structures formed by compression can be observed.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.197
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):新田群:元朗組(下部)+落馬洲組(上部,含米埔段、大石磨段)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭寫明「香港嘅石炭紀岩石由新田群代表」:下部係元朗組碳酸鹽岩(大理石,Lower San Tin Group),上部係落馬洲組非碳酸鹽沉積岩(Upper San Tin Group);米埔段含變質粉砂岩、千枚岩同石墨,露頭喺上水大石磨、羅湖一帶,北以深圳河為界。志錄條目嘅米埔段/大石磨段巖性、石墨(大磨刀島礦場)、厚度同分佈同呢批露頭完全對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): San Tin Group: Yuen Long Formation (lower) and Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 7 opens by stating that the Carboniferous rocks of Hong Kong are represented by the San Tin Group: marble of the Yuen Long Formation (lower) and the non-carbonate Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members, including graphite) exposed at Tai Shek Mo and Lo Wu — matching the archive entries on those members, graphite and thicknesses.
geography
晚侏羅紀 · 大磨刀洲
在晚侏羅紀時期,大欖花崗巖體發生侵入活動,其釋出的熱液使位於上方之沉積巖層出現變質現象。
During the Late Jurassic, the Tai Lam granite body underwent intrusion, and the hydrothermal fluids it released caused metamorphism of the overlying sedimentary rock layers.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.130
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 3、4 章 早至中侏羅紀河流沉積(大澳組)/火山碎屑岩(荔枝莊組)——第 22–34 頁(PDF 第 25–37 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 3、4 章專講香港嘅侏羅紀沉積岩(大澳組、荔枝莊組),並提及地層曾被誤判為石炭紀後由化石改判;志錄侏羅紀條目嘅年代、沉積環境同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 3 and 4. Early–Middle Jurassic fluvial deposits (Tai O Formation) and volcaniclastic rocks (Lai Chi Chong Formation) — printed pp. 22–34 (PDF pp. 25–37); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 3 and 4 cover Hong Kong’s Jurassic sedimentary rocks (Tai O and Lai Chi Chong formations), including the fossil-based re-dating from an earlier Carboniferous assignment.
geography
侏羅紀至白堊紀 · 香港
在香港,岩石發育最關鍵的階段,就是涵蓋侏羅紀與白堊紀的那段地質年代。
In Hong Kong, the most critical stage of rock development is the geological period covering the Jurassic and Cretaceous.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.98
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 3、4 章 早至中侏羅紀河流沉積(大澳組)/火山碎屑岩(荔枝莊組)——第 22–34 頁(PDF 第 25–37 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 3、4 章專講香港嘅侏羅紀沉積岩(大澳組、荔枝莊組),並提及地層曾被誤判為石炭紀後由化石改判;志錄侏羅紀條目嘅年代、沉積環境同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 3 and 4. Early–Middle Jurassic fluvial deposits (Tai O Formation) and volcaniclastic rocks (Lai Chi Chong Formation) — printed pp. 22–34 (PDF pp. 25–37); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 3 and 4 cover Hong Kong’s Jurassic sedimentary rocks (Tai O and Lai Chi Chong formations), including the fossil-based re-dating from an earlier Carboniferous assignment.
geography
侏羅紀 · 中國東南部
在侏羅紀期間,中國東南部的沉積環境以陸相為主,同時海平面呈現逐步下降的趨勢。
During the Jurassic, the sedimentary environment of southeastern China was predominantly continental, while sea level showed a gradual downward trend.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.97
geography
白堊紀和新生代 · 香港
在侏羅紀至第四紀的沉積巖層裏,規模較小的褶曲大多源於盆地的形成與下陷。
In the sedimentary rock strata from the Jurassic to the Quaternary, smaller folds mostly originated from the formation and subsidence of basins.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.199
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 5 章 白堊紀「紅層」——赤洲組;第 20 章 白堊紀蒲台花崗岩——第 35–39、131–136 頁(PDF 第 38–42、134–139 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 5 章講白堊紀紅層(赤洲組、八仙嶺組),第 20 章講白堊紀蒲台花崗岩;志錄白堊紀條目嘅紅層巖性、傾角同侵入岩年代同呢兩章對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 5. Cretaceous “Red Beds” – Kat O Formation; Chapter 20. Cretaceous Po Toi Granite — printed pp. 35–39、131–136 (PDF pp. 38–42、134–139); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 5 covers the Cretaceous “Red Beds” (Kat O and Pat Sin Leng formations) and Chapter 20 the Cretaceous Po Toi Granite — matching the archive’s Cretaceous entries on red beds and intrusive rocks.
geography
早白堊紀約1.36億年前 · 觀塘
早白堊紀約1.36億年前,九龍花崗巖東南及東部邊緣地帶,曾有畢拿山花崗巖侵入。
In the Early Cretaceous about 136 million years ago, the Mount Butler Granite intruded the southeastern and eastern marginal zones of the Kowloon Granite.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.142
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 5 章 白堊紀「紅層」——赤洲組;第 20 章 白堊紀蒲台花崗岩——第 35–39、131–136 頁(PDF 第 38–42、134–139 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 5 章講白堊紀紅層(赤洲組、八仙嶺組),第 20 章講白堊紀蒲台花崗岩;志錄白堊紀條目嘅紅層巖性、傾角同侵入岩年代同呢兩章對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 5. Cretaceous “Red Beds” – Kat O Formation; Chapter 20. Cretaceous Po Toi Granite — printed pp. 35–39、131–136 (PDF pp. 38–42、134–139); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 5 covers the Cretaceous “Red Beds” (Kat O and Pat Sin Leng formations) and Chapter 20 the Cretaceous Po Toi Granite — matching the archive’s Cretaceous entries on red beds and intrusive rocks.
geography
中侏羅紀 · 蓮麻坑
這層凝灰岩的生成年代可追溯至中侏羅紀,距今大約一億六千五百萬年至一億六千萬年。
This tuff layer was formed during the Middle Jurassic, approximately 165 million to 160 million years ago.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.110
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 3、4 章 早至中侏羅紀河流沉積(大澳組)/火山碎屑岩(荔枝莊組)——第 22–34 頁(PDF 第 25–37 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 3、4 章專講香港嘅侏羅紀沉積岩(大澳組、荔枝莊組),並提及地層曾被誤判為石炭紀後由化石改判;志錄侏羅紀條目嘅年代、沉積環境同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 3 and 4. Early–Middle Jurassic fluvial deposits (Tai O Formation) and volcaniclastic rocks (Lai Chi Chong Formation) — printed pp. 22–34 (PDF pp. 25–37); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 3 and 4 cover Hong Kong’s Jurassic sedimentary rocks (Tai O and Lai Chi Chong formations), including the fossil-based re-dating from an earlier Carboniferous assignment.
geography
中生代中晚期 · 華南沿岸
中生代中晚期,華南板塊與南面另一板塊碰撞,形成廣闊巖漿帶,火山活動活躍。
In the middle to late Mesozoic, the South China Plate collided with another plate to the south, forming an extensive magmatic belt and active volcanism.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.26
geography
侏羅紀晚期至白堊紀早期 · 香港
侏羅紀晚期至白堊紀早期為火山活動的高峯階段。
The Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous was the peak period of volcanic activity.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.100
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 3、4 章 早至中侏羅紀河流沉積(大澳組)/火山碎屑岩(荔枝莊組)——第 22–34 頁(PDF 第 25–37 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 3、4 章專講香港嘅侏羅紀沉積岩(大澳組、荔枝莊組),並提及地層曾被誤判為石炭紀後由化石改判;志錄侏羅紀條目嘅年代、沉積環境同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 3 and 4. Early–Middle Jurassic fluvial deposits (Tai O Formation) and volcaniclastic rocks (Lai Chi Chong Formation) — printed pp. 22–34 (PDF pp. 25–37); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 3 and 4 cover Hong Kong’s Jurassic sedimentary rocks (Tai O and Lai Chi Chong formations), including the fossil-based re-dating from an earlier Carboniferous assignment.
geography
奧陶紀 · 廣東北部
奧陶紀造山運動影響廣東北部基底,但香港附近少有證據。
The Ordovician orogeny affected the basement of northern Guangdong, but little evidence is found near Hong Kong.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.84
nature
白堊紀晚期 · 華南地區
白堊紀晚期形成山間盆地,堆積厚礫巖、砂岩與泥岩。
During the Late Cretaceous, intermontane basins formed, accumulating thick conglomerates, sandstones, and mudstones.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.86
nature
白堊紀早期(約1.5億至6千萬年前)
白堊紀早期,蕨類發展出不少現代科屬,包括石松科。
In the Early Cretaceous, ferns developed many modern families and genera, including Lycopodiaceae.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.468
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 5 章 白堊紀「紅層」——赤洲組;第 20 章 白堊紀蒲台花崗岩——第 35–39、131–136 頁(PDF 第 38–42、134–139 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 5 章講白堊紀紅層(赤洲組、八仙嶺組),第 20 章講白堊紀蒲台花崗岩;志錄白堊紀條目嘅紅層巖性、傾角同侵入岩年代同呢兩章對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 5. Cretaceous “Red Beds” – Kat O Formation; Chapter 20. Cretaceous Po Toi Granite — printed pp. 35–39、131–136 (PDF pp. 38–42、134–139); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 5 covers the Cretaceous “Red Beds” (Kat O and Pat Sin Leng formations) and Chapter 20 the Cretaceous Po Toi Granite — matching the archive’s Cretaceous entries on red beds and intrusive rocks.
nature
白堊紀早期(約1.5億至6千萬年前)
白堊紀早期距今大約一億五千萬年至六千萬年,當時蕨類植物佔據主導位置,種類數目出現大幅增長。
The Early Cretaceous was about 150 million to 60 million years ago, when ferns were dominant and the number of species increased greatly.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.468
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 5 章 白堊紀「紅層」——赤洲組;第 20 章 白堊紀蒲台花崗岩——第 35–39、131–136 頁(PDF 第 38–42、134–139 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 5 章講白堊紀紅層(赤洲組、八仙嶺組),第 20 章講白堊紀蒲台花崗岩;志錄白堊紀條目嘅紅層巖性、傾角同侵入岩年代同呢兩章對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 5. Cretaceous “Red Beds” – Kat O Formation; Chapter 20. Cretaceous Po Toi Granite — printed pp. 35–39、131–136 (PDF pp. 38–42、134–139); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 5 covers the Cretaceous “Red Beds” (Kat O and Pat Sin Leng formations) and Chapter 20 the Cretaceous Po Toi Granite — matching the archive’s Cretaceous entries on red beds and intrusive rocks.
nature
白堊紀早期 · 西貢
白堊紀早期淺水灣群在西貢嶂上及荔枝莊發現蕨類植物化石。
The Early Cretaceous Repulse Bay Group has yielded fern fossils at Cheung Sheung in Sai Kung and at Lai Chi Chong.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.142
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):淺水灣火山群——第 86–96、143–149 頁(PDF 第 89–99、146–152 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 13、14 章以赤柱山組講淺水灣火山群(書中記為香港最厚、分佈最廣嘅火山岩單位)嘅凝灰岩同凝灰角礫岩,第 22 章嘅摩星嶺組亦屬同一群;志錄條目嘅淺水灣羣名稱屬同一群岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Repulse Bay Volcanic Group — printed pp. 86–96、143–149 (PDF pp. 89–99、146–152); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapters 13 and 14 describe the Che Kwu Shan Formation of the Repulse Bay Volcanic Group (recorded as the thickest and most extensive volcanic unit in Hong Kong), and Chapter 22 places the Mount Davis Formation in the same group.
nature
二疊紀 · 東涌
變質砂岩內有因熱力變質形成的矽卡巖和鈣質硅酸鹽等礦物。
The metamorphic sandstone contains minerals such as skarn and calc-silicate formed by thermal metamorphism.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.96
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 2 章 二疊紀沉積岩——大埔海組——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章專講香港嘅二疊紀地層(大埔海組),並記述鑽芯中嘅二疊紀有孔蟲微體化石;志錄二疊紀條目嘅露頭、巖性同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 2. Permian Sedimentary Rocks – Tolo Harbour Formation — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 2 is devoted to Hong Kong’s Permian strata (the Tolo Harbour Formation) and records Permian foraminifera in drill core — matching the Permian-labelled archive entries.
nature
晚古生代 · 香港
部分晚古生代岩石曾受熱力變質與動力變質。
Some late Palaeozoic rocks have undergone thermal metamorphism and dynamic metamorphism.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.90
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 1、2、7 章(香港嘅古生代地層:黃竹角咀組、大埔海組、新田群)——第 8–21、46–51 頁(PDF 第 11–24、49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 1、2、7 章分別講香港嘅泥盆紀、二疊紀同石炭紀地層,即香港古生代岩石嘅全部;志錄「古生代/晚古生代」條目講嘅地層序列同露頭分佈同呢三章對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 1, 2 and 7 (Hong Kong’s Palaeozoic strata: Bluff Head, Tolo Harbour and San Tin units) — printed pp. 8–21、46–51 (PDF pp. 11–24、49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 1, 2 and 7 cover Hong Kong’s Devonian, Permian and Carboniferous strata — the whole of the Palaeozoic in Hong Kong — matching the archive’s Palaeozoic (including Late Palaeozoic) entries.
nature
泥盆紀 · 烏溪沙
城門河以東烏溪沙地區有沉積巖層出露,與白沙頭洲序列相若。
Sedimentary rock layers are exposed in the Wu Kai Sha area east of the Shing Mun River, similar to the Pak Sha Tau Chau sequence.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.93
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):黃竹角咀組(泥盆紀)——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書寫明泥盆紀沉積岩係香港最古老嘅出露地層,命名黃竹角咀組,沿赤門海峽海岸出露(北岸由白沙頭洲至黃竹角咀),厚度逾 800 米、南北兩側以斷層為界,並記述馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄條目講嘅厚度、層序、沉積構造同露頭位置(黃竹角咀半島、鳳凰笏、白沙頭洲)都喺同一批岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Bluff Head Formation (Devonian) — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same rock unit. The Guide records: The Guide states that the Devonian sedimentary rocks are the oldest strata exposed in Hong Kong, named the Bluff Head Formation, cropping out along Tolo Channel from Pak Sha Tau Chau to Bluff Head, over 800 m thick and fault-bounded, with outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same rocks the archive describes.
nature
早石炭紀 · 赤門海峽
赤門海峽斷層帶內之條狀巖帶,或有可能包含馬鞍山組。
The striped rock zones within the Tolo Channel Fault Zone may possibly include the Ma On Shan Formation.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.94
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):馬鞍山組(與鐵礦體相關)——第 157–173 頁(PDF 第 160–176 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 24 章講馬鞍山鐵礦:馬鞍山組沉積岩被花崗岩侵入,粉砂岩接觸變質成角岩、石灰岩(大理石)變成矽卡岩,鐵礦體以磁鐵礦同赤鐵礦為主;志錄條目嘅馬鞍山組巖性、厚度、傾角同卡斯特(溶洞)記載屬同一組岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Ma On Shan Formation (with the iron-ore body) — printed pp. 157–173 (PDF pp. 160–176); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 24 describes the Ma On Shan iron ore: the Ma On Shan Formation was intruded by granite, its siltstone hornfelsed and its limestone (marble) converted to skarn, with a magnetite–haematite ore body — the same formation the archive describes.
nature
泥盆紀 · 赤門海峽
赤門海峽以北的泥盆紀岩石形成東北走向山脊,從吐露港伸展至黃竹角咀。
The Devonian rocks north of Tolo Channel form a northeast-trending ridge extending from Tolo Harbour to Wong Chuk Kok Tsui.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.92
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):黃竹角咀組(泥盆紀)——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書寫明泥盆紀沉積岩係香港最古老嘅出露地層,命名黃竹角咀組,沿赤門海峽海岸出露(北岸由白沙頭洲至黃竹角咀),厚度逾 800 米、南北兩側以斷層為界,並記述馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄條目講嘅厚度、層序、沉積構造同露頭位置(黃竹角咀半島、鳳凰笏、白沙頭洲)都喺同一批岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Bluff Head Formation (Devonian) — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same rock unit. The Guide records: The Guide states that the Devonian sedimentary rocks are the oldest strata exposed in Hong Kong, named the Bluff Head Formation, cropping out along Tolo Channel from Pak Sha Tau Chau to Bluff Head, over 800 m thick and fault-bounded, with outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same rocks the archive describes.
In the area north of Tolo Channel, the rocks of the Wong Chuk Kok Tsui Formation are interrupted by faulting and are sandwiched between the Early Jurassic Tolo Formation sedimentary rocks and Late Jurassic to Cretaceous tuffs.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.92
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):黃竹角咀組(泥盆紀)——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書寫明泥盆紀沉積岩係香港最古老嘅出露地層,命名黃竹角咀組,沿赤門海峽海岸出露(北岸由白沙頭洲至黃竹角咀),厚度逾 800 米、南北兩側以斷層為界,並記述馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄條目講嘅厚度、層序、沉積構造同露頭位置(黃竹角咀半島、鳳凰笏、白沙頭洲)都喺同一批岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Bluff Head Formation (Devonian) — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same rock unit. The Guide records: The Guide states that the Devonian sedimentary rocks are the oldest strata exposed in Hong Kong, named the Bluff Head Formation, cropping out along Tolo Channel from Pak Sha Tau Chau to Bluff Head, over 800 m thick and fault-bounded, with outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same rocks the archive describes.
nature
泥盆紀 · 赤門海峽
赤門海峽在地質上是一個大斷層帶。
Tolo Channel is geologically a major fault zone.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.92
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 1 章 香港最古老嘅出露岩石——黃竹角咀組——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 1 章專講香港嘅泥盆紀地層(黃竹角咀組),並註明馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄泥盆紀條目嘅層序、化石同環境描述對應同一批沉積岩。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 1. Oldest Rocks Exposed in Hong Kong – The Bluff Head Formation — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 1 is devoted to Hong Kong’s Devonian strata (the Bluff Head Formation), noting outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same sedimentary rocks the Devonian-labelled archive entries describe.
nature
早白堊世 · 赤洲
赤洲組地層向東或東南傾斜約30度,不整合覆蓋於早白堊世凝灰岩層之上。
The strata of the Chizhou Formation dip about 30 degrees to the east or southeast and unconformably overlie Early Cretaceous tuff layers.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.108
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):赤洲組/吉澳組(白堊紀紅層)——第 35–39 頁(PDF 第 38–42 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 5 章以新界東北鴨洲/吉澳一帶講白堊紀紅層(赤洲組),並提到八仙嶺組等同期地層;志錄條目講嘅赤洲、吉澳、紅層巖性同傾角屬同一組岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Kat O Formation (Cretaceous “Red Beds”) — printed pp. 35–39 (PDF pp. 38–42); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 5 describes the Cretaceous “Red Beds” (Kat O Formation) around Ap Chau and Kat O and refers to the synchronous Pat Sin Leng Formation.
nature
晚白堊紀 · 大鵬灣
赤洲組為晚白堊紀沉積巖,分佈於大鵬灣的赤洲、白沙洲及石牛洲等小島。
The Port Island Formation is a Late Cretaceous sedimentary rock distributed on small islands in Mirs Bay such as Port Island, Pak Sha Chau and Shek Ngau Chau.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.108
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):赤洲組/吉澳組(白堊紀紅層)——第 35–39 頁(PDF 第 38–42 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 5 章以新界東北鴨洲/吉澳一帶講白堊紀紅層(赤洲組),並提到八仙嶺組等同期地層;志錄條目講嘅赤洲、吉澳、紅層巖性同傾角屬同一組岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Kat O Formation (Cretaceous “Red Beds”) — printed pp. 35–39 (PDF pp. 38–42); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 5 describes the Cretaceous “Red Beds” (Kat O Formation) around Ap Chau and Kat O and refers to the synchronous Pat Sin Leng Formation.
nature
早石炭紀 · 元朗
除上述者外,該處亦見白雲巖、粉砂岩、石墨與燧石等岩石類型。
In addition to the above, rock types such as dolomite, siltstone, graphite and chert are also found there.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.93
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 7 章 變質沉積岩——落馬洲組(連元朗組大理石)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭界定香港嘅石炭紀岩石=新田群(元朗組大理石+落馬洲組),並提及屯門組東面以斷層接石炭紀落馬洲組;志錄石炭紀條目(含早石炭紀)嘅巖性同分佈同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 7. Metasedimentary Rocks – Lok Ma Chau Formation (with Yuen Long Formation marble) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 7 defines Hong Kong’s Carboniferous rocks as the San Tin Group (Yuen Long Formation marble plus the Lok Ma Chau Formation) and notes the fault contact with the Tuen Mun Formation — matching the archive’s Carboniferous (including Early Carboniferous) entries.
nature
石炭紀 · 香港
此類岩石的膠結物質,主要成分為絹雲母與黏土。
The cementing material of these rocks consists mainly of sericite and clay.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.95
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 7 章 變質沉積岩——落馬洲組(連元朗組大理石)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭界定香港嘅石炭紀岩石=新田群(元朗組大理石+落馬洲組),並提及屯門組東面以斷層接石炭紀落馬洲組;志錄石炭紀條目(含早石炭紀)嘅巖性同分佈同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 7. Metasedimentary Rocks – Lok Ma Chau Formation (with Yuen Long Formation marble) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 7 defines Hong Kong’s Carboniferous rocks as the San Tin Group (Yuen Long Formation marble plus the Lok Ma Chau Formation) and notes the fault contact with the Tuen Mun Formation — matching the archive’s Carboniferous (including Early Carboniferous) entries.
nature
晚古生代 · 香港
此期間海水上升,沉積環境由大陸邊緣變成海洋沉積。
During this period, sea levels rose, and the depositional environment changed from a continental margin to marine deposition.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.91
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 1、2、7 章(香港嘅古生代地層:黃竹角咀組、大埔海組、新田群)——第 8–21、46–51 頁(PDF 第 11–24、49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 1、2、7 章分別講香港嘅泥盆紀、二疊紀同石炭紀地層,即香港古生代岩石嘅全部;志錄「古生代/晚古生代」條目講嘅地層序列同露頭分佈同呢三章對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 1, 2 and 7 (Hong Kong’s Palaeozoic strata: Bluff Head, Tolo Harbour and San Tin units) — printed pp. 8–21、46–51 (PDF pp. 11–24、49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 1, 2 and 7 cover Hong Kong’s Devonian, Permian and Carboniferous strata — the whole of the Palaeozoic in Hong Kong — matching the archive’s Palaeozoic (including Late Palaeozoic) entries.
nature
泥盆紀 · 烏溪沙
此區域的沉積巖層大約有300米厚,並且位於馬鞍山與牛押山火山岩的下方。
The sedimentary rock layers in this area are about 300 meters thick and lie beneath the volcanic rocks of Ma On Shan and Ngau Ngak Shan.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.93
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 1 章 香港最古老嘅出露岩石——黃竹角咀組——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 1 章專講香港嘅泥盆紀地層(黃竹角咀組),並註明馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄泥盆紀條目嘅層序、化石同環境描述對應同一批沉積岩。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 1. Oldest Rocks Exposed in Hong Kong – The Bluff Head Formation — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 1 is devoted to Hong Kong’s Devonian strata (the Bluff Head Formation), noting outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same sedimentary rocks the Devonian-labelled archive entries describe.
nature
石炭紀 · 新界北部
此區域的露頭分佈,長度大約5公里,寬度則約為1公里。
The outcrops in this area are distributed over a length of about 5 km and a width of about 1 km.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.95
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 7 章 變質沉積岩——落馬洲組(連元朗組大理石)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭界定香港嘅石炭紀岩石=新田群(元朗組大理石+落馬洲組),並提及屯門組東面以斷層接石炭紀落馬洲組;志錄石炭紀條目(含早石炭紀)嘅巖性同分佈同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 7. Metasedimentary Rocks – Lok Ma Chau Formation (with Yuen Long Formation marble) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 7 defines Hong Kong’s Carboniferous rocks as the San Tin Group (Yuen Long Formation marble plus the Lok Ma Chau Formation) and notes the fault contact with the Tuen Mun Formation — matching the archive’s Carboniferous (including Early Carboniferous) entries.
nature
石炭紀 · 大磨刀島
此石墨片岩所含石墨的數量達到了可供採掘的水平。
The amount of graphite in this graphite schist has reached a minable level.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.95
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):新田群:元朗組(下部)+落馬洲組(上部,含米埔段、大石磨段)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭寫明「香港嘅石炭紀岩石由新田群代表」:下部係元朗組碳酸鹽岩(大理石,Lower San Tin Group),上部係落馬洲組非碳酸鹽沉積岩(Upper San Tin Group);米埔段含變質粉砂岩、千枚岩同石墨,露頭喺上水大石磨、羅湖一帶,北以深圳河為界。志錄條目嘅米埔段/大石磨段巖性、石墨(大磨刀島礦場)、厚度同分佈同呢批露頭完全對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): San Tin Group: Yuen Long Formation (lower) and Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 7 opens by stating that the Carboniferous rocks of Hong Kong are represented by the San Tin Group: marble of the Yuen Long Formation (lower) and the non-carbonate Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members, including graphite) exposed at Tai Shek Mo and Lo Wu — matching the archive entries on those members, graphite and thicknesses.
nature
侏羅紀
刺桫欏為一種年代久遠的孑遺植物,在侏羅紀地層裏曾發現其化石。
Cyathea podophylla is an ancient relict plant whose fossils have been found in Jurassic strata.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.476
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 3、4 章 早至中侏羅紀河流沉積(大澳組)/火山碎屑岩(荔枝莊組)——第 22–34 頁(PDF 第 25–37 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 3、4 章專講香港嘅侏羅紀沉積岩(大澳組、荔枝莊組),並提及地層曾被誤判為石炭紀後由化石改判;志錄侏羅紀條目嘅年代、沉積環境同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 3 and 4. Early–Middle Jurassic fluvial deposits (Tai O Formation) and volcaniclastic rocks (Lai Chi Chong Formation) — printed pp. 22–34 (PDF pp. 25–37); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 3 and 4 cover Hong Kong’s Jurassic sedimentary rocks (Tai O and Lai Chi Chong formations), including the fossil-based re-dating from an earlier Carboniferous assignment.
nature
二疊紀 · 馬屎洲
從岩石的層理特徵可以觀察到,地殼運動所引致的向斜與背斜構造。
From the bedding features of the rocks, synclines and anticlines caused by crustal movement can be observed.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.96
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):大埔海組(二疊紀)——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章講二疊紀大埔海組(Tolo Harbour Formation),露頭集中喺吐露港一帶,包括馬屎洲、丫洲、香港中文大學同吐露港西岸;志錄條目講嘅主要露頭位置、上/下段巖性同化石屬同一岩組。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tolo Harbour Formation (Permian) — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 2 covers the Permian Tolo Harbour Formation, exposed around Tolo Harbour including Ma Shi Chau, Centre Island and the Chinese University — the same unit and outcrops the archive describes.
nature
二疊紀晚期 · 丫洲島
大埔海丫洲島存有香港二疊紀晚期植物化石地層,該地層以大羽羊齒植物群為主,種數逾十個。
On A Chau in Tai Po Hoi there is a Late Permian plant fossil stratum of Hong Kong, dominated by the Gigantopteris flora with more than ten species.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.140
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):大埔海組(二疊紀)——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章講二疊紀大埔海組(Tolo Harbour Formation),露頭集中喺吐露港一帶,包括馬屎洲、丫洲、香港中文大學同吐露港西岸;志錄條目講嘅主要露頭位置、上/下段巖性同化石屬同一岩組。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tolo Harbour Formation (Permian) — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 2 covers the Permian Tolo Harbour Formation, exposed around Tolo Harbour including Ma Shi Chau, Centre Island and the Chinese University — the same unit and outcrops the archive describes.
nature
二疊紀 · 香港
大埔海組可劃分為兩個巖性段:其下段以碳酸質粉砂岩、泥岩及砂岩為主,上段則由厚層石英砂岩與礫巖構成。
The Tai Po Sea Formation can be divided into two lithological members: the lower member consists mainly of calcareous siltstone, mudstone and sandstone, while the upper member is composed of thick-bedded quartz sandstone and conglomerate.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.96
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):大埔海組(二疊紀)——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章講二疊紀大埔海組(Tolo Harbour Formation),露頭集中喺吐露港一帶,包括馬屎洲、丫洲、香港中文大學同吐露港西岸;志錄條目講嘅主要露頭位置、上/下段巖性同化石屬同一岩組。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tolo Harbour Formation (Permian) — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 2 covers the Permian Tolo Harbour Formation, exposed around Tolo Harbour including Ma Shi Chau, Centre Island and the Chinese University — the same unit and outcrops the archive describes.
nature
二疊紀 · 丫洲
大埔海組岩石亦可於馬屎洲毗鄰的丫洲找到。
Rocks of the Tai Po Hoi Formation can also be found on A Chau adjacent to Ma Shi Chau.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.96
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):大埔海組(二疊紀)——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章講二疊紀大埔海組(Tolo Harbour Formation),露頭集中喺吐露港一帶,包括馬屎洲、丫洲、香港中文大學同吐露港西岸;志錄條目講嘅主要露頭位置、上/下段巖性同化石屬同一岩組。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tolo Harbour Formation (Permian) — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 2 covers the Permian Tolo Harbour Formation, exposed around Tolo Harbour including Ma Shi Chau, Centre Island and the Chinese University — the same unit and outcrops the archive describes.
nature
二疊紀 · 香港
大埔海組主要由砂岩、泥岩及碳酸質粉砂岩構成。
The Tai Po Sea Formation consists mainly of sandstone, mudstone and calcareous siltstone.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.96
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):大埔海組(二疊紀)——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章講二疊紀大埔海組(Tolo Harbour Formation),露頭集中喺吐露港一帶,包括馬屎洲、丫洲、香港中文大學同吐露港西岸;志錄條目講嘅主要露頭位置、上/下段巖性同化石屬同一岩組。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tolo Harbour Formation (Permian) — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 2 covers the Permian Tolo Harbour Formation, exposed around Tolo Harbour including Ma Shi Chau, Centre Island and the Chinese University — the same unit and outcrops the archive describes.
nature
早石炭紀 · 元朗
大理岩岩基不規則起伏和溶洞給該區發展帶來重大工程問題。
The irregular relief of the marble bedrock and the karst caves have brought major engineering problems to the development of the area.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.94
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 7 章 變質沉積岩——落馬洲組(連元朗組大理石)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭界定香港嘅石炭紀岩石=新田群(元朗組大理石+落馬洲組),並提及屯門組東面以斷層接石炭紀落馬洲組;志錄石炭紀條目(含早石炭紀)嘅巖性同分佈同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 7. Metasedimentary Rocks – Lok Ma Chau Formation (with Yuen Long Formation marble) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 7 defines Hong Kong’s Carboniferous rocks as the San Tin Group (Yuen Long Formation marble plus the Lok Ma Chau Formation) and notes the fault contact with the Tuen Mun Formation — matching the archive’s Carboniferous (including Early Carboniferous) entries.
nature
石炭紀 · 大磨刀島
大磨刀島一帶的岩石,主要屬粉砂質砂岩,並夾有數層石墨粉砂岩,地層上歸入落馬洲組米埔段。
The rocks around Tai Mo To Island are mainly silty sandstone intercalated with several layers of graphitic siltstone, assigned stratigraphically to the Mai Po Member of the Lok Ma Chau Formation.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.95
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):新田群:元朗組(下部)+落馬洲組(上部,含米埔段、大石磨段)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭寫明「香港嘅石炭紀岩石由新田群代表」:下部係元朗組碳酸鹽岩(大理石,Lower San Tin Group),上部係落馬洲組非碳酸鹽沉積岩(Upper San Tin Group);米埔段含變質粉砂岩、千枚岩同石墨,露頭喺上水大石磨、羅湖一帶,北以深圳河為界。志錄條目嘅米埔段/大石磨段巖性、石墨(大磨刀島礦場)、厚度同分佈同呢批露頭完全對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): San Tin Group: Yuen Long Formation (lower) and Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 7 opens by stating that the Carboniferous rocks of Hong Kong are represented by the San Tin Group: marble of the Yuen Long Formation (lower) and the non-carbonate Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members, including graphite) exposed at Tai Shek Mo and Lo Wu — matching the archive entries on those members, graphite and thicknesses.
nature
石炭紀 · 香港
大石磨段礫石約佔岩石40%至60%,直徑約5毫米至30毫米。
The gravel in the Tai Shek Mo section accounts for about 40% to 60% of the rock, with diameters of about 5 mm to 30 mm.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.96
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):新田群:元朗組(下部)+落馬洲組(上部,含米埔段、大石磨段)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭寫明「香港嘅石炭紀岩石由新田群代表」:下部係元朗組碳酸鹽岩(大理石,Lower San Tin Group),上部係落馬洲組非碳酸鹽沉積岩(Upper San Tin Group);米埔段含變質粉砂岩、千枚岩同石墨,露頭喺上水大石磨、羅湖一帶,北以深圳河為界。志錄條目嘅米埔段/大石磨段巖性、石墨(大磨刀島礦場)、厚度同分佈同呢批露頭完全對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): San Tin Group: Yuen Long Formation (lower) and Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 7 opens by stating that the Carboniferous rocks of Hong Kong are represented by the San Tin Group: marble of the Yuen Long Formation (lower) and the non-carbonate Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members, including graphite) exposed at Tai Shek Mo and Lo Wu — matching the archive entries on those members, graphite and thicknesses.
nature
石炭紀 · 香港
大石磨段以灰色至灰白色細晶沙岩為主要成分,並含有少量礫巖夾層。
The Tai Shek Mo Member consists mainly of grey to greyish-white fine-grained sandstone with minor conglomerate interbeds.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.96
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):新田群:元朗組(下部)+落馬洲組(上部,含米埔段、大石磨段)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭寫明「香港嘅石炭紀岩石由新田群代表」:下部係元朗組碳酸鹽岩(大理石,Lower San Tin Group),上部係落馬洲組非碳酸鹽沉積岩(Upper San Tin Group);米埔段含變質粉砂岩、千枚岩同石墨,露頭喺上水大石磨、羅湖一帶,北以深圳河為界。志錄條目嘅米埔段/大石磨段巖性、石墨(大磨刀島礦場)、厚度同分佈同呢批露頭完全對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): San Tin Group: Yuen Long Formation (lower) and Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 7 opens by stating that the Carboniferous rocks of Hong Kong are represented by the San Tin Group: marble of the Yuen Long Formation (lower) and the non-carbonate Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members, including graphite) exposed at Tai Shek Mo and Lo Wu — matching the archive entries on those members, graphite and thicknesses.
nature
白堊紀早期 · 大嶼山
大嶼山境內石壁、昂坪、龍仔悟園、萬丈布及大東山等地,均見白堊紀早期淺水灣群蕨類植物化石分佈。
Early Cretaceous Repulse Bay Group fern fossils are found at Shek Pik, Ngong Ping, Lung Tsai Ng Yuen, Man Cheung Po and Sunset Peak on Lantau Island.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.142
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):淺水灣火山群——第 86–96、143–149 頁(PDF 第 89–99、146–152 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 13、14 章以赤柱山組講淺水灣火山群(書中記為香港最厚、分佈最廣嘅火山岩單位)嘅凝灰岩同凝灰角礫岩,第 22 章嘅摩星嶺組亦屬同一群;志錄條目嘅淺水灣羣名稱屬同一群岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Repulse Bay Volcanic Group — printed pp. 86–96、143–149 (PDF pp. 89–99、146–152); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapters 13 and 14 describe the Che Kwu Shan Formation of the Repulse Bay Volcanic Group (recorded as the thickest and most extensive volcanic unit in Hong Kong), and Chapter 22 places the Mount Davis Formation in the same group.
The local strata can be divided into two parts: the lower part consists of greyish-white sandstone and breccia, while the upper part is dominated by fine-grained quartzitic and clayey sandstone with intercalated lenticular conglomerate.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.92
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):黃竹角咀組(泥盆紀)——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書寫明泥盆紀沉積岩係香港最古老嘅出露地層,命名黃竹角咀組,沿赤門海峽海岸出露(北岸由白沙頭洲至黃竹角咀),厚度逾 800 米、南北兩側以斷層為界,並記述馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄條目講嘅厚度、層序、沉積構造同露頭位置(黃竹角咀半島、鳳凰笏、白沙頭洲)都喺同一批岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Bluff Head Formation (Devonian) — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same rock unit. The Guide records: The Guide states that the Devonian sedimentary rocks are the oldest strata exposed in Hong Kong, named the Bluff Head Formation, cropping out along Tolo Channel from Pak Sha Tau Chau to Bluff Head, over 800 m thick and fault-bounded, with outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same rocks the archive describes.
nature
石炭紀 · 上水河上鄉
當地巖層以變質礫巖及含礫石的變質砂岩為主要組成部分。
The local rock formations are mainly composed of metamorphic conglomerate and pebbly metamorphic sandstone.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.96
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 7 章 變質沉積岩——落馬洲組(連元朗組大理石)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭界定香港嘅石炭紀岩石=新田群(元朗組大理石+落馬洲組),並提及屯門組東面以斷層接石炭紀落馬洲組;志錄石炭紀條目(含早石炭紀)嘅巖性同分佈同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 7. Metasedimentary Rocks – Lok Ma Chau Formation (with Yuen Long Formation marble) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 7 defines Hong Kong’s Carboniferous rocks as the San Tin Group (Yuen Long Formation marble plus the Lok Ma Chau Formation) and notes the fault contact with the Tuen Mun Formation — matching the archive’s Carboniferous (including Early Carboniferous) entries.
nature
白堊紀晚期 · 華南地區
到了白堊紀晚期,巖漿活動不再持續,地殼則進入拉張的階段。
By the Late Cretaceous, magmatic activity ceased and the crust entered an extensional phase.
Geological ages are mostly measured in millions of years; the Precambrian extends from 4,500 million years ago until 542 million years ago.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.83
nature
前寒武紀
地質學上將前寒武紀劃分為兩個階段,其分界線定於2500百萬年前,較早者稱太古代,較晚者稱元古代。
Geologically the Precambrian is divided into two stages, with the boundary set at 2,500 million years ago, the earlier called the Archaean and the later the Proterozoic.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.83
nature
二疊紀
二疊紀大埔海組的沉積巖,部分於淺灘環境形成。
Part of the sedimentary rocks of the Permian Tai Po Hoi Formation formed in a shallow shoal environment.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.172
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):大埔海組(二疊紀)——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章講二疊紀大埔海組(Tolo Harbour Formation),露頭集中喺吐露港一帶,包括馬屎洲、丫洲、香港中文大學同吐露港西岸;志錄條目講嘅主要露頭位置、上/下段巖性同化石屬同一岩組。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tolo Harbour Formation (Permian) — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 2 covers the Permian Tolo Harbour Formation, exposed around Tolo Harbour including Ma Shi Chau, Centre Island and the Chinese University — the same unit and outcrops the archive describes.
nature
二疊紀 · 吐露港
二疊紀大埔海組的主要露頭,分佈於吐露港內的馬屎洲及丫洲一帶。
The main outcrops of the Permian Tai Po Hoi Formation are distributed around Ma Shi Chau and Yau Chau in Tolo Harbour.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.96
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):大埔海組(二疊紀)——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章講二疊紀大埔海組(Tolo Harbour Formation),露頭集中喺吐露港一帶,包括馬屎洲、丫洲、香港中文大學同吐露港西岸;志錄條目講嘅主要露頭位置、上/下段巖性同化石屬同一岩組。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tolo Harbour Formation (Permian) — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 2 covers the Permian Tolo Harbour Formation, exposed around Tolo Harbour including Ma Shi Chau, Centre Island and the Chinese University — the same unit and outcrops the archive describes.
nature
二疊紀 · 香港
二疊紀大埔海組屬於香港古生代地層序列中年代最晚的巖組。
The Permian Tai Po Sea Formation is the youngest rock formation in Hong Kong's Palaeozoic stratigraphic sequence.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.96
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):大埔海組(二疊紀)——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章講二疊紀大埔海組(Tolo Harbour Formation),露頭集中喺吐露港一帶,包括馬屎洲、丫洲、香港中文大學同吐露港西岸;志錄條目講嘅主要露頭位置、上/下段巖性同化石屬同一岩組。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tolo Harbour Formation (Permian) — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 2 covers the Permian Tolo Harbour Formation, exposed around Tolo Harbour including Ma Shi Chau, Centre Island and the Chinese University — the same unit and outcrops the archive describes.
nature
二疊紀
二疊紀開始,裸子植物逐漸取代蕨類在陸地上的主導地位。
From the Permian onwards, gymnosperms gradually replaced ferns in dominating the land.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.480
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 2 章 二疊紀沉積岩——大埔海組——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章專講香港嘅二疊紀地層(大埔海組),並記述鑽芯中嘅二疊紀有孔蟲微體化石;志錄二疊紀條目嘅露頭、巖性同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 2. Permian Sedimentary Rocks – Tolo Harbour Formation — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 2 is devoted to Hong Kong’s Permian strata (the Tolo Harbour Formation) and records Permian foraminifera in drill core — matching the Permian-labelled archive entries.
nature
二疊紀 · 丫洲
二疊紀時期是香港裸子植物化石的最早記錄,丫洲出土福建擬銀杏葉。
The Permian period marks the earliest record of gymnosperm fossils in Hong Kong, with Ginkgoites fujianensis unearthed on A Chau.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.143
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):大埔海組(二疊紀)——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章講二疊紀大埔海組(Tolo Harbour Formation),露頭集中喺吐露港一帶,包括馬屎洲、丫洲、香港中文大學同吐露港西岸;志錄條目講嘅主要露頭位置、上/下段巖性同化石屬同一岩組。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tolo Harbour Formation (Permian) — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 2 covers the Permian Tolo Harbour Formation, exposed around Tolo Harbour including Ma Shi Chau, Centre Island and the Chinese University — the same unit and outcrops the archive describes.
nature
早石炭紀 · 元朗
風化土與大理岩的接觸面起伏不平,並有許多陡峭崖壁。
The contact surface between weathered soil and marble is uneven, with many steep cliffs.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.94
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 7 章 變質沉積岩——落馬洲組(連元朗組大理石)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭界定香港嘅石炭紀岩石=新田群(元朗組大理石+落馬洲組),並提及屯門組東面以斷層接石炭紀落馬洲組;志錄石炭紀條目(含早石炭紀)嘅巖性同分佈同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 7. Metasedimentary Rocks – Lok Ma Chau Formation (with Yuen Long Formation marble) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 7 defines Hong Kong’s Carboniferous rocks as the San Tin Group (Yuen Long Formation marble plus the Lok Ma Chau Formation) and notes the fault contact with the Tuen Mun Formation — matching the archive’s Carboniferous (including Early Carboniferous) entries.
nature
泥盆紀 · 鳳凰笏
鳳凰笏該處有一層白色粗粒砂岩,厚度接近20米,含交錯層理,傾角約30度。
At Fung Wong Wat there is a layer of white coarse-grained sandstone close to 20 metres thick, containing cross-bedding with a dip of about 30 degrees.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.92
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):黃竹角咀組(泥盆紀)——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書寫明泥盆紀沉積岩係香港最古老嘅出露地層,命名黃竹角咀組,沿赤門海峽海岸出露(北岸由白沙頭洲至黃竹角咀),厚度逾 800 米、南北兩側以斷層為界,並記述馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄條目講嘅厚度、層序、沉積構造同露頭位置(黃竹角咀半島、鳳凰笏、白沙頭洲)都喺同一批岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Bluff Head Formation (Devonian) — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same rock unit. The Guide records: The Guide states that the Devonian sedimentary rocks are the oldest strata exposed in Hong Kong, named the Bluff Head Formation, cropping out along Tolo Channel from Pak Sha Tau Chau to Bluff Head, over 800 m thick and fault-bounded, with outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same rocks the archive describes.
nature
泥盆紀 · 鳳凰笏
鳳凰笏一帶所見的古土壤剖面,其組成以泥岩佔絕大多數,顏色由紅棕色漸變至深紅棕色。
The palaeosol profile seen in the Fung Wong Wat area consists predominantly of mudstone, with colour grading from reddish brown to dark reddish brown.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.93
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):黃竹角咀組(泥盆紀)——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書寫明泥盆紀沉積岩係香港最古老嘅出露地層,命名黃竹角咀組,沿赤門海峽海岸出露(北岸由白沙頭洲至黃竹角咀),厚度逾 800 米、南北兩側以斷層為界,並記述馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄條目講嘅厚度、層序、沉積構造同露頭位置(黃竹角咀半島、鳳凰笏、白沙頭洲)都喺同一批岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Bluff Head Formation (Devonian) — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same rock unit. The Guide records: The Guide states that the Devonian sedimentary rocks are the oldest strata exposed in Hong Kong, named the Bluff Head Formation, cropping out along Tolo Channel from Pak Sha Tau Chau to Bluff Head, over 800 m thick and fault-bounded, with outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same rocks the archive describes.
nature
泥盆紀 · 白沙頭洲
該處地層由石英質砂岩、細粒砂岩及粉砂岩互層構成,且不時夾有白色石英礫巖層。
The strata there consist of alternating quartzose sandstone, fine-grained sandstone and siltstone, with occasional intercalations of white quartz conglomerate.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.92
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):黃竹角咀組(泥盆紀)——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書寫明泥盆紀沉積岩係香港最古老嘅出露地層,命名黃竹角咀組,沿赤門海峽海岸出露(北岸由白沙頭洲至黃竹角咀),厚度逾 800 米、南北兩側以斷層為界,並記述馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄條目講嘅厚度、層序、沉積構造同露頭位置(黃竹角咀半島、鳳凰笏、白沙頭洲)都喺同一批岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Bluff Head Formation (Devonian) — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same rock unit. The Guide records: The Guide states that the Devonian sedimentary rocks are the oldest strata exposed in Hong Kong, named the Bluff Head Formation, cropping out along Tolo Channel from Pak Sha Tau Chau to Bluff Head, over 800 m thick and fault-bounded, with outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same rocks the archive describes.
nature
泥盆紀 · 黃竹角咀
該處海岸崖壁露出完整地層序列,東南部巖層陡峭,西部地層褶疊成背斜和向斜。
The coastal cliffs there expose a complete stratigraphic sequence, with steep strata in the southeast and strata folded into anticlines and synclines in the west.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.92
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):黃竹角咀組(泥盆紀)——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書寫明泥盆紀沉積岩係香港最古老嘅出露地層,命名黃竹角咀組,沿赤門海峽海岸出露(北岸由白沙頭洲至黃竹角咀),厚度逾 800 米、南北兩側以斷層為界,並記述馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄條目講嘅厚度、層序、沉積構造同露頭位置(黃竹角咀半島、鳳凰笏、白沙頭洲)都喺同一批岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Bluff Head Formation (Devonian) — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same rock unit. The Guide records: The Guide states that the Devonian sedimentary rocks are the oldest strata exposed in Hong Kong, named the Bluff Head Formation, cropping out along Tolo Channel from Pak Sha Tau Chau to Bluff Head, over 800 m thick and fault-bounded, with outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same rocks the archive describes.
nature
早石炭紀 · 馬鞍山
該大理岩不含任何化石,而它與上覆及下伏巖層之間的接觸界線至今尚未釐清。
The marble contains no fossils, and its contact boundaries with the overlying and underlying strata have not yet been clarified.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.94
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 7 章 變質沉積岩——落馬洲組(連元朗組大理石)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭界定香港嘅石炭紀岩石=新田群(元朗組大理石+落馬洲組),並提及屯門組東面以斷層接石炭紀落馬洲組;志錄石炭紀條目(含早石炭紀)嘅巖性同分佈同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 7. Metasedimentary Rocks – Lok Ma Chau Formation (with Yuen Long Formation marble) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 7 defines Hong Kong’s Carboniferous rocks as the San Tin Group (Yuen Long Formation marble plus the Lok Ma Chau Formation) and notes the fault contact with the Tuen Mun Formation — matching the archive’s Carboniferous (including Early Carboniferous) entries.
nature
晚泥盆紀 · 烏溪沙
該地層含有晚泥盆紀植物化石,故被劃分為黃竹角咀組。
The formation contains Late Devonian plant fossils and is therefore classified as the Wong Chuk Kok Tsui Formation.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.93
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):黃竹角咀組(泥盆紀)——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書寫明泥盆紀沉積岩係香港最古老嘅出露地層,命名黃竹角咀組,沿赤門海峽海岸出露(北岸由白沙頭洲至黃竹角咀),厚度逾 800 米、南北兩側以斷層為界,並記述馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄條目講嘅厚度、層序、沉積構造同露頭位置(黃竹角咀半島、鳳凰笏、白沙頭洲)都喺同一批岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Bluff Head Formation (Devonian) — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same rock unit. The Guide records: The Guide states that the Devonian sedimentary rocks are the oldest strata exposed in Hong Kong, named the Bluff Head Formation, cropping out along Tolo Channel from Pak Sha Tau Chau to Bluff Head, over 800 m thick and fault-bounded, with outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same rocks the archive describes.
nature
泥盆紀 · 香港
該地層中由礫巖與砂岩構成的巖層,普遍呈現粒級層理及交錯層理,其沉積物主要源自河流環境。
The conglomerate and sandstone layers in this formation generally exhibit graded bedding and cross-bedding, with sediments mainly derived from a fluvial environment.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.93
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 1 章 香港最古老嘅出露岩石——黃竹角咀組——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 1 章專講香港嘅泥盆紀地層(黃竹角咀組),並註明馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄泥盆紀條目嘅層序、化石同環境描述對應同一批沉積岩。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 1. Oldest Rocks Exposed in Hong Kong – The Bluff Head Formation — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 1 is devoted to Hong Kong’s Devonian strata (the Bluff Head Formation), noting outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same sedimentary rocks the Devonian-labelled archive entries describe.
nature
石炭紀 · 大磨刀島
該地點巖層的整體厚度達二百米以上。
The overall thickness of the rock strata at this site reaches more than 200 metres.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.95
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):新田群:元朗組(下部)+落馬洲組(上部,含米埔段、大石磨段)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭寫明「香港嘅石炭紀岩石由新田群代表」:下部係元朗組碳酸鹽岩(大理石,Lower San Tin Group),上部係落馬洲組非碳酸鹽沉積岩(Upper San Tin Group);米埔段含變質粉砂岩、千枚岩同石墨,露頭喺上水大石磨、羅湖一帶,北以深圳河為界。志錄條目嘅米埔段/大石磨段巖性、石墨(大磨刀島礦場)、厚度同分佈同呢批露頭完全對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): San Tin Group: Yuen Long Formation (lower) and Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 7 opens by stating that the Carboniferous rocks of Hong Kong are represented by the San Tin Group: marble of the Yuen Long Formation (lower) and the non-carbonate Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members, including graphite) exposed at Tai Shek Mo and Lo Wu — matching the archive entries on those members, graphite and thicknesses.
nature
早石炭紀 · 元朗
該地貌含一層岩溶區,厚度約30米,其內部岩溶發育極不規則。
The landform contains a karst zone about 30 metres thick, within which karst development is extremely irregular.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.94
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 7 章 變質沉積岩——落馬洲組(連元朗組大理石)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭界定香港嘅石炭紀岩石=新田群(元朗組大理石+落馬洲組),並提及屯門組東面以斷層接石炭紀落馬洲組;志錄石炭紀條目(含早石炭紀)嘅巖性同分佈同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 7. Metasedimentary Rocks – Lok Ma Chau Formation (with Yuen Long Formation marble) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 7 defines Hong Kong’s Carboniferous rocks as the San Tin Group (Yuen Long Formation marble plus the Lok Ma Chau Formation) and notes the fault contact with the Tuen Mun Formation — matching the archive’s Carboniferous (including Early Carboniferous) entries.
nature
石炭紀 · 新界北部
該地區主要由淺至深灰色千枚巖、變質砂岩和粉砂岩組成。
The area is mainly composed of light to dark grey phyllite, metamorphic sandstone and siltstone.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.95
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 7 章 變質沉積岩——落馬洲組(連元朗組大理石)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭界定香港嘅石炭紀岩石=新田群(元朗組大理石+落馬洲組),並提及屯門組東面以斷層接石炭紀落馬洲組;志錄石炭紀條目(含早石炭紀)嘅巖性同分佈同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 7. Metasedimentary Rocks – Lok Ma Chau Formation (with Yuen Long Formation marble) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 7 defines Hong Kong’s Carboniferous rocks as the San Tin Group (Yuen Long Formation marble plus the Lok Ma Chau Formation) and notes the fault contact with the Tuen Mun Formation — matching the archive’s Carboniferous (including Early Carboniferous) entries.
nature
石炭紀 · 大磨刀島
該礦場上部主要由風化粉砂質砂岩構成,下部則以石墨粉砂岩為主。
The upper part of the mine is mainly composed of weathered silty sandstone, while the lower part is dominated by graphitic siltstone.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.95
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):新田群:元朗組(下部)+落馬洲組(上部,含米埔段、大石磨段)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭寫明「香港嘅石炭紀岩石由新田群代表」:下部係元朗組碳酸鹽岩(大理石,Lower San Tin Group),上部係落馬洲組非碳酸鹽沉積岩(Upper San Tin Group);米埔段含變質粉砂岩、千枚岩同石墨,露頭喺上水大石磨、羅湖一帶,北以深圳河為界。志錄條目嘅米埔段/大石磨段巖性、石墨(大磨刀島礦場)、厚度同分佈同呢批露頭完全對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): San Tin Group: Yuen Long Formation (lower) and Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 7 opens by stating that the Carboniferous rocks of Hong Kong are represented by the San Tin Group: marble of the Yuen Long Formation (lower) and the non-carbonate Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members, including graphite) exposed at Tai Shek Mo and Lo Wu — matching the archive entries on those members, graphite and thicknesses.
nature
泥盆紀 · 赤門海峽
該兩套地層或許由一條逆衝斷層隔開,亦可能因構造活動而令整個巖序發生倒轉。
The two formations may be separated by a thrust fault, or the entire rock sequence may have been overturned by tectonic activity.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.92
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 1 章 香港最古老嘅出露岩石——黃竹角咀組——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 1 章專講香港嘅泥盆紀地層(黃竹角咀組),並註明馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄泥盆紀條目嘅層序、化石同環境描述對應同一批沉積岩。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 1. Oldest Rocks Exposed in Hong Kong – The Bluff Head Formation — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 1 is devoted to Hong Kong’s Devonian strata (the Bluff Head Formation), noting outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same sedimentary rocks the Devonian-labelled archive entries describe.
nature
晚古生代 · 香港
該批岩石所保存的地質紀錄,時間跨度大約為150百萬年。
The geological record preserved in this batch of rocks spans about 150 million years.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.90
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 1、2、7 章(香港嘅古生代地層:黃竹角咀組、大埔海組、新田群)——第 8–21、46–51 頁(PDF 第 11–24、49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 1、2、7 章分別講香港嘅泥盆紀、二疊紀同石炭紀地層,即香港古生代岩石嘅全部;志錄「古生代/晚古生代」條目講嘅地層序列同露頭分佈同呢三章對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 1, 2 and 7 (Hong Kong’s Palaeozoic strata: Bluff Head, Tolo Harbour and San Tin units) — printed pp. 8–21、46–51 (PDF pp. 11–24、49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 1, 2 and 7 cover Hong Kong’s Devonian, Permian and Carboniferous strata — the whole of the Palaeozoic in Hong Kong — matching the archive’s Palaeozoic (including Late Palaeozoic) entries.
nature
晚古生代 · 香港
該批岩石所保存的地質紀錄,時間跨度約為150百萬年。
The geological record preserved in this batch of rocks spans approximately 150 million years.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.91
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 1、2、7 章(香港嘅古生代地層:黃竹角咀組、大埔海組、新田群)——第 8–21、46–51 頁(PDF 第 11–24、49–54 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 1、2、7 章分別講香港嘅泥盆紀、二疊紀同石炭紀地層,即香港古生代岩石嘅全部;志錄「古生代/晚古生代」條目講嘅地層序列同露頭分佈同呢三章對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapters 1, 2 and 7 (Hong Kong’s Palaeozoic strata: Bluff Head, Tolo Harbour and San Tin units) — printed pp. 8–21、46–51 (PDF pp. 11–24、49–54); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapters 1, 2 and 7 cover Hong Kong’s Devonian, Permian and Carboniferous strata — the whole of the Palaeozoic in Hong Kong — matching the archive’s Palaeozoic (including Late Palaeozoic) entries.
nature
二疊紀至侏羅紀 · 香港
該時期形成海相沉積巖組,以粉砂岩與泥岩為主,含豐富化石。
During this period, marine sedimentary rock formations formed, mainly consisting of siltstone and mudstone, with abundant fossils.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.85
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 2 章 二疊紀沉積岩——大埔海組——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章專講香港嘅二疊紀地層(大埔海組),並記述鑽芯中嘅二疊紀有孔蟲微體化石;志錄二疊紀條目嘅露頭、巖性同化石記載同此對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 2. Permian Sedimentary Rocks – Tolo Harbour Formation — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 2 is devoted to Hong Kong’s Permian strata (the Tolo Harbour Formation) and records Permian foraminifera in drill core — matching the Permian-labelled archive entries.
nature
泥盆紀 · 烏溪沙
該岩石層理不明顯,主要由白色石英砂岩、紫色粉砂岩和石英岩組成。
The rock has indistinct bedding and is mainly composed of white quartz sandstone, purple siltstone, and quartzite.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.93
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 1 章 香港最古老嘅出露岩石——黃竹角咀組——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 1 章專講香港嘅泥盆紀地層(黃竹角咀組),並註明馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄泥盆紀條目嘅層序、化石同環境描述對應同一批沉積岩。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 1. Oldest Rocks Exposed in Hong Kong – The Bluff Head Formation — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 1 is devoted to Hong Kong’s Devonian strata (the Bluff Head Formation), noting outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same sedimentary rocks the Devonian-labelled archive entries describe.
nature
二疊紀 · 馬屎洲
該巖層出現顯著的軟泥變形現象,並具備清晰的滑動褶曲及搬移構造。
The rock formation exhibits significant soft-sediment deformation, with clear slump folds and displacement structures.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.96
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):大埔海組(二疊紀)——第 15–21 頁(PDF 第 18–24 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 2 章講二疊紀大埔海組(Tolo Harbour Formation),露頭集中喺吐露港一帶,包括馬屎洲、丫洲、香港中文大學同吐露港西岸;志錄條目講嘅主要露頭位置、上/下段巖性同化石屬同一岩組。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Tolo Harbour Formation (Permian) — printed pp. 15–21 (PDF pp. 18–24); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 2 covers the Permian Tolo Harbour Formation, exposed around Tolo Harbour including Ma Shi Chau, Centre Island and the Chinese University — the same unit and outcrops the archive describes.
nature
泥盆紀 · 赤門海峽
根據化石記錄,赤門海峽一帶東側地層的年齡以中泥盆紀為主,而船灣附近西側地層則屬早泥盆紀。
According to the fossil record, the strata on the eastern side of the Tolo Channel area are mainly Middle Devonian in age, while those on the western side near Plover Cove are Early Devonian.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.92
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):第 1 章 香港最古老嘅出露岩石——黃竹角咀組——第 8–14 頁(PDF 第 11–17 頁),屬同一地質紀;該章記載:導賞書第 1 章專講香港嘅泥盆紀地層(黃竹角咀組),並註明馬鞍山一帶亦有露頭;志錄泥盆紀條目嘅層序、化石同環境描述對應同一批沉積岩。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Chapter 1. Oldest Rocks Exposed in Hong Kong – The Bluff Head Formation — printed pp. 8–14 (PDF pp. 11–17); same geological period. The Guide records: Chapter 1 is devoted to Hong Kong’s Devonian strata (the Bluff Head Formation), noting outcrops also in the Ma On Shan area — the same sedimentary rocks the Devonian-labelled archive entries describe.
nature
中生代 · 華南地區
根據推測,蓮花山斷裂帶的形成時期可追溯至中生代。
It is inferred that the Lianhuashan Fault Zone formed during the Mesozoic.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.81
nature
早石炭紀 · 馬鞍山
根據巖性估計馬鞍山組和元朗組同期。
Based on lithology, the Ma On Shan Formation and the Yuen Long Formation are estimated to be contemporaneous.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.94
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):馬鞍山組(與鐵礦體相關)——第 157–173 頁(PDF 第 160–176 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 24 章講馬鞍山鐵礦:馬鞍山組沉積岩被花崗岩侵入,粉砂岩接觸變質成角岩、石灰岩(大理石)變成矽卡岩,鐵礦體以磁鐵礦同赤鐵礦為主;志錄條目嘅馬鞍山組巖性、厚度、傾角同卡斯特(溶洞)記載屬同一組岩石。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): Ma On Shan Formation (with the iron-ore body) — printed pp. 157–173 (PDF pp. 160–176); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 24 describes the Ma On Shan iron ore: the Ma On Shan Formation was intruded by granite, its siltstone hornfelsed and its limestone (marble) converted to skarn, with a magnetite–haematite ore body — the same formation the archive describes.
nature
石炭紀 · 元朗
工程鑽孔常發現米埔段岩石覆蓋在元朗組大理岩之上。
Engineering boreholes commonly find rocks of the Mai Po Member overlying the marble of the Yuen Long Formation.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.95
第二來源 《香港地質導賞書》(土木工程拓展署土力工程處,2007-06):新田群:元朗組(下部)+落馬洲組(上部,含米埔段、大石磨段)——第 46–51 頁(PDF 第 49–54 頁),屬同一地層單位;該章記載:導賞書第 7 章開頭寫明「香港嘅石炭紀岩石由新田群代表」:下部係元朗組碳酸鹽岩(大理石,Lower San Tin Group),上部係落馬洲組非碳酸鹽沉積岩(Upper San Tin Group);米埔段含變質粉砂岩、千枚岩同石墨,露頭喺上水大石磨、羅湖一帶,北以深圳河為界。志錄條目嘅米埔段/大石磨段巖性、石墨(大磨刀島礦場)、厚度同分佈同呢批露頭完全對應。Hong Kong Geology Guide Book (2007-06): San Tin Group: Yuen Long Formation (lower) and Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members) — printed pp. 46–51 (PDF pp. 49–54); same rock unit. The Guide records: Chapter 7 opens by stating that the Carboniferous rocks of Hong Kong are represented by the San Tin Group: marble of the Yuen Long Formation (lower) and the non-carbonate Lok Ma Chau Formation (upper, with the Mai Po and Tai Shek Mo members, including graphite) exposed at Tai Shek Mo and Lo Wu — matching the archive entries on those members, graphite and thicknesses.
nature
來源 Sources
本頁條目引用嘅已登記來源(每頁最多 100 條,所以只列本頁用到嘅)。
《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態 · 香港地方志中心 / Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Resources and Ecology
《香港志·自然》自然環境 · 香港地方志中心 / Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment