遠古時間軸 / 近代時期標籤 / 原文只有時代標籤

近代時期標籤 · 原文只有時代標籤

Modern period labels · period-labelled entries

第 2 頁(共 6 頁):呢一批志錄條目原文只寫時代(例如「公元前214年」 「明天順年間」「石炭紀」),冇精確西曆年,所以入唔到逐年頁。全批 564 條,本頁顯示 100 條。

Page 2 of 6: 100 of 564 archive entries whose source gives a period label only, each with its page number and citation. No year is inferred.

引用每條都可以引用:按條目下面嘅「引用呢條」,可以揀中文腳註/中文參考書目/APA/Chicago 四種格式並複製。 書名、出版者、年份同頁碼一律由已登記來源同生成檔派生,頁面一條都唔會手寫;年份取來源登記嘅出版年, 來源未登記出版年嘅,引文改用查閱日期並寫明。

Every entry is citable. Press “Cite this entry” for a Chinese footnote, Chinese bibliography, APA or Chicago note — all derived from the registered source and the generated archive, never hand-written. If a registered source has no publication year, the citation prints the access date and says so.

冇 JavaScript 都用得:來源書目模板 / Source patterns (no JavaScript needed)

《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口) Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Territory, Geography and Population

中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(查閱日期 2026-10-18),頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/6#〈條目編號〉。

APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Territory, Geography and Population (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/6#〈條目編號〉

《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Resources and Ecology

中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(查閱日期 2026-10-18),頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/6#〈條目編號〉。

APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Resources and Ecology (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/6#〈條目編號〉

《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Environmental Protection and Conservation

中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(查閱日期 2026-10-18),頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/6#〈條目編號〉。

APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Environmental Protection and Conservation (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/6#〈條目編號〉

《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事) Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events)

中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事),2020,頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/7#〈條目編號〉。

APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute (2020). Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events) (p. 〈頁碼〉). /chronicle/archive/undated/7#〈條目編號〉

《香港志·自然》自然環境 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment

中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·自然》自然環境(查閱日期 2026-10-18),頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/10#〈條目編號〉。

APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/10#〈條目編號〉

Substitute the entry’s page number and ID (shown as 〈頁碼〉/〈條目編號〉) into the pattern above. The same templates, plus rules and limits, are in the citation block of /api/v1/archive.json.

自十九世紀後期起,至二十世紀初期間,九龍城區發展為重工業匯聚之處。

From the late 19th century to the early 20th century, the Kowloon City area developed into a concentration of heavy industry.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.99

自十九世紀中期開始,怡和洋行於東角(即現時銅鑼灣怡和街附近)興建倉儲及海運相關設施。

From the mid-nineteenth century onwards, Jardine Matheson built warehousing and shipping-related facilities at East Point (i.e. near present-day Yee Wo Street, Causeway Bay).

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.95

1910年代時,新界居民中真正能閱讀書本者所佔比例甚低。

In the 1910s, the proportion of New Territories residents who could actually read books was very low.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.640

1970年至1990年間,詹志勇帶領香港大學地理及地質學系團隊,主導市區綠化地區土壤研究。

Between 1970 and 1990, Jim Chi-yung led a team from the Department of Geography and Geology of the University of Hong Kong in research on soils in urban greened areas.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.176

曾文陽為來自台灣的魚類研究人員,於1970年代期間受聘於中大生物系,任內曾聯同本地漁民及學者共同嘗試培育紅斑魚苗。

Zeng Wenyang was a fish researcher from Taiwan who was employed by the Department of Biology at CUHK during the 1970s, and during his tenure he collaborated with local fishermen and scholars to attempt to breed red grouper fry.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.305

二戰後,能閱讀和書寫的香港華人不多。

After World War II, few Hong Kong Chinese could read and write.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.181

二戰後,香港很多兒童不能上學,須幫補家計。

After World War II, many children in Hong Kong could not attend school and had to help supplement the family income.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.181

二戰後香港高等教育學額有限,部分學生前往海外升學。

After World War II, higher education places in Hong Kong were limited, and some students went overseas for further studies.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.634

日佔期間,當局禁止學校教英語,並致力提高居民日語水平。

During the Japanese occupation, the authorities banned schools from teaching English and sought to raise residents' Japanese proficiency.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.596

日佔期間,當局為應對部分行業人手短缺,開辦了多個專責訓練單位,計有海員養成所、日本語教員養成講習所,還有農事傳習所。

During the Japanese occupation, the authorities established several specialised training units to address labour shortages in some industries, including the Seamen Training Institute, the Japanese Language Teacher Training Institute, and the Agricultural Training Institute.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.589

日佔政府沒有公佈香港居民教育程度的資料。

The Japanese occupation government did not publish information on the education level of Hong Kong residents.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.621

十九世紀末,上水7歲至14歲男童約75%在學。

In the late nineteenth century, about 75% of boys aged 7 to 14 in Sheung Shui were in school.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.618

十九世紀時,香港島已有傳統學舍及新式學校。

In the nineteenth century, Hong Kong Island already had traditional study halls and modern schools.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.181

英國管治香港初期,島上除了原有的傳統書院之外,來自歐美的人士亦相繼開辦採用新式教育的學校。

In the early period of British rule in Hong Kong, besides the existing traditional academies on the island, people from Europe and America also successively established schools adopting new-style education.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.595

英佔初年,香港島學校狀況出現明顯變化。

In the early years of British occupation, the school situation on Hong Kong Island underwent significant changes.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.616

由1967年開始,當局在各林務站設立林務營,讓大學生與中學生於暑假期間投入林務相關工作,此安排維持至1990年代方告結束。

Starting from 1967, the authorities established forestry camps at various forestry stations for university and secondary school students to engage in forestry-related work during summer holidays, an arrangement that lasted until the 1990s.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.53

於十九世紀期間,香港政府實施了教育改革方案。

During the 19th century, the Hong Kong government implemented education reform programmes.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.181

在華人傳統教育體系以外,來自歐美的宗教組織及外籍志願人士亦相繼開辦採用新式模式的學校。

Beyond the traditional Chinese education system, religious organisations from Europe and America and foreign volunteers also successively opened schools adopting new models.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.616

在日軍佔領香港的階段,當地教育事業基本上處於停滯狀態。

During the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, local education was basically stagnant.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.181

在日佔時期,部分香港居民曾參與日語或專業技術的短期培訓課程。

During the Japanese occupation, some Hong Kong residents took part in short-term training courses in Japanese or technical skills.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.595

在日佔時期,香港大學及羅富國師範學院均持續停止運作。

During the Japanese occupation, the University of Hong Kong and Northcote Training College both remained closed.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.621

在日佔時期,香港的教育體系大致處於停擺狀態,而能夠恢復上課的學校,絕大多數屬於小學程度。

During the Japanese occupation, Hong Kong's education system was largely at a standstill, and the vast majority of schools that were able to resume classes were at primary level.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.595

在十九世紀,新界一帶能夠進入學塾讀書的男性比例大約為六成半。

In the nineteenth century, about sixty-five per cent of males in the New Territories were able to attend a school.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.618

至1930年代末,官立小學男生所佔比率已恢復至約92%。

By the late 1930s, the proportion of boys in government primary schools had recovered to about 92%.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.618

1910年代,九龍首間電影院廣智戲院於油麻地落成。

In the 1910s, Kowloon's first cinema, Kwong Chi Theatre, was completed in Yau Ma Tei.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.117

第二次世界大戰結束後,駱克道、謝斐道以及分域碼頭周邊地區逐步演變成娛樂場所集中地,該處開設了不少酒吧和舞廳。

After the end of the Second World War, Lockhart Road, Jaffe Road, and the area around Fenwick Pier gradually became a concentration of entertainment venues, with many bars and dance halls opening there.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.97

1960年代,港府的空氣質素工作重點是工業及發電廠造成的污染。

In the 1960s, the Hong Kong Government's air quality efforts focused on pollution caused by industry and power plants.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.191

1980年代,赤臘角新機場填海工程需要五億立方米海沙。

In the 1980s, the reclamation works for the new airport at Chek Lap Kok required 500 million cubic metres of marine sand.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.55

1980年代,港府持續砍伐及焚毀受感染的松樹,並改種闊葉樹木以杜絕蟲害。

In the 1980s, the Hong Kong Government continued to fell and burn infected pine trees and replanted broad-leaved trees to eradicate the pest.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.445

1980年代,香港海上傾卸區分佈於大鵬灣、九針群島以東與長洲以南。

In the 1980s, Hong Kong's marine dumping grounds were located in Mirs Bay, east of the Ninepin Group and south of Cheung Chau.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.418

1980年代後期,淺水灣泳灘水質欠佳,幾乎面臨封閉。

In the late 1980s, the water quality at Repulse Bay Beach was poor and it was almost closed.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.385

1980年代期間,香港多數河溪水質欠佳,主要源於禽畜農場排放廢水,加上公共污水收集網絡當時仍未全面覆蓋。

During the 1980s, most Hong Kong rivers and streams had poor water quality, mainly because of wastewater discharged from livestock farms and the then incomplete coverage of the public sewerage network.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.388

1980年代香港人口約550萬,約200萬人受工廠、建築地盤、商業及住宅等噪音困擾。

In the 1980s Hong Kong's population was about 5.5 million, and about 2 million people were affected by noise from factories, construction sites, commerce and housing.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.192

1990年代初期香港容易腐爛廢物日均棄置量約2000公噸。

In the early 1990s, the daily average disposal of putrescible waste in Hong Kong was about 2,000 tonnes.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.411

1990年代香港工業北移,政府又推行管制空氣污染的措施,令微粒、二氧化硫及氮氧化物排放大幅下降。

In the 1990s, Hong Kong's industry relocated northward and the Government introduced air pollution control measures, leading to a substantial drop in emissions of particulates, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.192

此項填海計劃導致世界各地七成半的挖沙船集中於香港海域作業。

This reclamation project led to 75% of the world's sand dredgers concentrating in Hong Kong waters.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.55

戴禮表示,林務要回應都市發展所需,涵蓋教育、科研、保育、康樂及社區服務等用途。

Dai Li said forestry must respond to the needs of urban development, covering uses such as education, research, conservation, recreation and community services.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.51

第二次世界大戰結束後,每年山火宗數升至數百宗,部分年份更突破一千宗;對比之下,太平洋戰爭爆發前僅為數十宗。

After the end of the Second World War, the annual number of hill fires rose to several hundred, exceeding one thousand in some years, compared with only several dozen before the outbreak of the Pacific War.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.81

第二次世界大戰結束後,香港政府重新展開植林工作,其核心目標在於維護集水區。

After the end of the Second World War, the Hong Kong Government resumed afforestation work, with the core objective of protecting catchment areas.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.62

調查項目涵蓋重金屬及有機化學污染物。

The investigation items cover heavy metals and organic chemical pollutants.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.176

二戰後,港府在郊野地區大規模恢復植林。

After the Second World War, the Hong Kong government carried out large-scale reafforestation in the countryside.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.216

二戰後,港府在貧瘠山嶺大量引種台灣相思和紅膠木等外來樹種。

After the Second World War, the Hong Kong government introduced large numbers of exotic tree species such as Taiwan acacia and red gum on barren hillsides.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.216

二戰結束後,集水區周邊樹林大多已受破壞,1950年代至1980年代期間,造林目標以保護集水區水土為主。

After the end of the Second World War, most of the woodland around the catchments had been destroyed, and from the 1950s to the 1980s afforestation aimed mainly at protecting soil and water in the catchments.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.69

二戰結束後,石灰產業逐漸衰落,但珊瑚群落依然面對破壞性捕撈方式以及沿岸工程所帶來的污染問題。

After the end of the Second World War, the lime industry gradually declined, but coral communities still faced destructive fishing methods and pollution from coastal works.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.441

二戰前香港長期忽視土壤保育,形成大規模劣地。

Before World War II, Hong Kong had long neglected soil conservation, resulting in large-scale degraded land.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.27

二戰以後,港府大量種植紅膠木、台灣相思和濕地松等外來先鋒樹種以控制水土流失。

After the Second World War, the Hong Kong Government planted large quantities of exotic pioneer tree species such as red gum, Taiwan acacia and slash pine to control soil erosion.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.211

二戰終結之初,自然保育事務由農林(漁)業管理處所屬的下級部門負責推行。

At the beginning of the period after the end of World War II, nature conservation was carried out by a subordinate department of the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Department.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.48

合作計劃也探討土壤環境、污染與治理問題。

The collaboration programme also explored soil environment, pollution, and remediation issues.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.176

后海灣曾於二十世紀六十年代末至八十年代期間,接收來自元朗、上水、粉嶺及打鼓嶺地區養豬場未經處理便排入河涌的排泄物。

From the late 1960s to the 1980s, Deep Bay received untreated pig waste discharged into nullahs from pig farms in Yuen Long, Sheung Shui, Fanling and Ta Kwu Ling.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.140

就大生圍、南生圍及維多利亞港所推行的大規模填海工程,各項抵制行動最終取得的成果並不一致。

For the large-scale reclamation works at Tai Sang Wai, Nam Sang Wai and Victoria Harbour, the outcomes achieved by the various resistance campaigns were not consistent.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.492

林木遭大量砍除,不僅改變了都市外貌,亦造成土壤沖刷,繼而對水塘的飲用水供給構成直接衝擊。

Extensive felling of trees not only changed the urban landscape but also caused soil erosion, which in turn had a direct impact on the supply of drinking water from reservoirs.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.65

另外,要求青衣油庫搬遷,以及令策略性污水排放計劃獲得修改的行動,亦同樣達到目的。

In addition, the actions demanding the relocation of the Tsing Yi oil depot and securing modifications to the Strategic Sewage Disposal Scheme also achieved their aims.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.492

每年約40萬人須忍受撞擊式打樁機發出的噪音。

About 400,000 people each year have to endure the noise emitted by percussive piling machines.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.192

十九世紀末,港府把污染視作滋擾,由清淨局負責處理。

In the late nineteenth century, the Hong Kong Government treated pollution as a nuisance, handled by the Sanitary Board.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.220

受交通噪音滋擾的香港人超過100萬。

More than 1 million people in Hong Kong are affected by traffic noise.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.192

踏入一九七零年代初,港府開展了一個以「清潔香港運動」為名的項目。

In the early 1970s, the Hong Kong Government launched a project named the "Keep Hong Kong Clean Campaign".

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.191

太平洋戰爭結束後,香港推行植林工作的核心方向,在於養護與重建水塘及集水區一帶的山坡。

After the end of the Pacific War, the core direction of Hong Kong's afforestation work was the maintenance and restoration of slopes around reservoirs and catchments.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.65

太平洋戰爭期間,香港大量林木遭砍伐,主因是柴薪需求龐大。

During the Pacific War, large numbers of trees in Hong Kong were felled, mainly because of the huge demand for firewood.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.211

太平洋戰爭前後,因大規模砍伐,林木覆蓋範圍縮減,水土流失亦隨之加劇。

Around the time of the Pacific War, large-scale felling reduced forest cover and intensified soil erosion.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.172

為改善情況,環保署聯同渠務署推行多項補救行動,涵蓋敷設污水渠、修理淺水灣的深海排放管道,以及安裝旱季流量截流裝置。

To improve the situation, the Environmental Protection Department, together with the Drainage Services Department, implemented various remedial actions, including laying sewers, repairing the deep sea outfall at Repulse Bay, and installing dry-weather flow interception devices.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.385

香港被英國管治的早期階段,當地歐洲裔居民曾向政府提出,藉由種植林木來優化維多利亞城的環境。

In the early period of British rule in Hong Kong, local European residents proposed to the government that the environment of Victoria City be improved by planting trees.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.49

新界西北部涵蓋元朗河、錦田河、梧桐河與雙魚河,而全港各區之中,此區域河溪所受污染最為嚴重。

Northwest New Territories covers the Yuen Long River, Kam Tin River, Ng Tung River and Sheung Yue River, and among all districts in Hong Kong this area's rivers are the most severely polluted.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.388

研究建議建立長期土壤環境監測與資訊系統。

The study recommended establishing a long-term soil environmental monitoring and information system.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.176

一項於1970年代進行的研究《香港環境管制》指出,工廠營運時發出的聲響,曾對周邊的高層民居造成幹擾。

A study conducted in the 1970s, 'Environmental Control in Hong Kong', pointed out that noise emitted during factory operations had caused disturbance to nearby high-rise residential buildings.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.192

由1970年代末起,香港多所大專院校與中國科學院地理研究所組成的研究團隊,針對郊野及市區土壤受污染的程度進行調查。

Since the late 1970s, research teams formed by several Hong Kong tertiary institutions and the Institute of Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have conducted surveys on the extent of soil contamination in rural and urban areas.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.176

由二十世紀六十年代到八十年代期間,香港政府先後設立了十二處堆填區。

From the 1960s to the 1980s, the Hong Kong Government established twelve landfills successively.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.262

由二十世紀五十年代到七十年代期間,隨着香港居民數目持續增加,海洋生態環境受到排污、捕魚作業、土地開發以及填海造地等多方面因素所損害。

From the 1950s to the 1970s, as Hong Kong's population continued to grow, the marine environment was damaged by sewage discharge, fishing operations, land development and reclamation.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.55

於二十世紀八十年代末,眾多泳灘的內陸地帶尚未鋪設排污渠,又或出現接駁錯誤之情況,致使污水逕自排入泳灘。

In the late 1980s, the inland areas of many beaches had not yet been provided with sewage pipes, or had misconnections, causing sewage to discharge directly onto the beaches.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.385

約有38萬香港人長期飽受飛機噪音影響。

About 380,000 Hong Kong people have long suffered from aircraft noise.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.192

在1800年代,造林的核心目標涵蓋微氣候調控、衞生條件提升以及疾病防治。

In the 1800s, the core objectives of afforestation included microclimate regulation, improved sanitation and disease prevention.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.68

在日佔時期,香港的樹林與植林遭到大規模砍伐,導致山坡轉變為易燃的草坡及灌木叢。

During the Japanese occupation, Hong Kong's forests and plantations were extensively felled, turning hillsides into flammable grassland and scrub.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.81

在西北部、荃灣及港島南區,泳灘水質整體表現偏弱,其全年評級多屬欠佳或極差水平。

In the northwest, Tsuen Wan and the southern district of Hong Kong Island, beach water quality is generally weaker, with annual ratings mostly at poor or very poor levels.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.385

戰後因需短時間內大面積種植以防水土流失,當局採用撒播種子方式。

After the war, because large areas had to be planted in a short time to prevent soil erosion, the authorities adopted the method of broadcasting seeds.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.65

針對啟德機場夜間航班、南丫島煉油設施以及沙羅洞地產項目所發起的抗爭,最終均成功實現了訴求。

The campaigns against night flights at Kai Tak Airport, the oil refinery facilities on Lamma Island and the Sha Lo Tung property project all ultimately achieved their demands.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.492

政府於集水區種植樹木,以減低泥土受雨水沖蝕而流失,從而防止引水道與水塘出現淤塞。

The government planted trees in catchments to reduce soil erosion by rain and thereby prevent siltation of catchwaters and reservoirs.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.51

自1960年代後期開始,香港的自然保育工作主要著眼於生物物種,對於地質及地貌方面的關注相對薄弱。

Since the late 1960s, nature conservation work in Hong Kong has focused mainly on biological species, with relatively weak attention to geology and landforms.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.56

自2000年代中期起,后海灣多條主要河流的水質持續改善。

Since the mid-2000s, water quality in several major rivers of Deep Bay has continued to improve.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.140

自二戰終結起至1970年代初,植林計劃已大致令集水區內絕大多數區域獲得林木覆蓋。

From the end of World War II to the early 1970s, afforestation programmes had largely achieved tree cover over most areas within the catchments.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.69

自十九世紀中葉起,香港的河流逐步展開渠道化,而最初的工程主要分佈於香港島與九龍一帶。

Since the mid-19th century, Hong Kong's rivers have gradually been channelised, with the earliest works mainly distributed in Hong Kong Island and Kowloon.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.525

第二次世界大戰結束之後,天文台重新採用戰前已有的熱帶氣旋警告機制。

After the end of the Second World War, the Observatory reintroduced the tropical cyclone warning system that had existed before the war.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.621

踏入二十世紀後,大埔與吐露港區域受風暴潮衝擊尤為顯著。

After entering the twentieth century, the Tai Po and Tolo Harbour areas were particularly significantly affected by storm surges.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.591

1990年代,香港銀行體系已具備健全且高效的特徵。

By the 1990s, Hong Kong's banking system was already characterised as sound and efficient.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.42

在1980年代的中後段,金融業已發展成香港經濟中排行第三的產業,規模只小於進出口貿易業及房地產業。

In the mid-to-late 1980s, the financial industry had developed into the third-largest sector of Hong Kong's economy, smaller only than the import-export trade and real estate industries.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.42

由二十世紀七十年代開始,香港政府允許外籍家庭傭工以僱傭合約為期兩年的方式前來香港就業。

From the 1970s onwards, the Hong Kong government allowed foreign domestic helpers to come to Hong Kong for employment on two-year employment contracts.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.384

荃灣鱟地坊的命名來源,有說法認為在1950年代填海之前,當地地形外貌類似鱟的形狀。

One account of the origin of the name Hau Tei Square in Tsuen Wan holds that before the reclamation in the 1950s, the local terrain resembled the shape of a horseshoe crab.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.399

太平洋戰爭前,東區範圍已與維多利亞城大致連成一體。

Before the Pacific War, the Eastern District had already become largely contiguous with Victoria City.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.87

香港東北部有全港最大鉛礦場,名為蓮麻坑鉛礦,十九世紀時被發現。

In northeastern Hong Kong there is the largest lead mine in the territory, named Lin Ma Hang Lead Mine, discovered in the 19th century.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.108

第二次世界大戰結束後,香港政府並沒有沿用日本佔領期間所實施的基層行政分區安排。

After the end of the Second World War, the Hong Kong government did not continue the grassroots administrative division arrangements implemented during the Japanese occupation.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.25

二戰終結之後,香港政府組建了香港華人陸軍訓練隊,該部隊於1962年改稱香港軍事服務團。

After the end of the Second World War, the Hong Kong government formed the Hong Kong Chinese Army Training Corps, which was renamed the Hong Kong Military Service Corps in 1962.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.565

日佔時期的香港軍政廳及總督部由日本大本營管轄。

During the Japanese occupation, the Hong Kong Military Government and the Governor's Office were under the jurisdiction of the Imperial Japanese General Headquarters.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.24

日佔香港期間,日本當局先後成立「香港軍政廳」與「香港佔領地總督部」這兩個管治機構。

During the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, the Japanese authorities established two governing bodies successively: the Hong Kong Military Government and the Hong Kong Occupied Territory Governor's Office.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.24

香港政府其後逐步實施多項措施以推動生育,涵蓋社會福利、現金援助及經濟補貼等層面。

The Hong Kong government subsequently implemented various measures step by step to promote childbirth, covering areas such as social welfare, cash assistance and financial subsidies.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.182

英國管治香港之後,當局視生兒育女為家庭自主事務,不予插手,惟因應發展及勞動力需要,從外地引進人手到港。

After the British took over Hong Kong, the authorities regarded childbearing as a matter of family autonomy and did not intervene, but brought in labour from outside Hong Kong in response to development and manpower needs.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.182

由第二次世界大戰終結起,直至1960年為止,醫務衞生署所發表的年度報告,乃依據國際統計分類方式,對人口死亡原因作出公佈。

From the end of the Second World War until 1960, the annual reports published by the Medical and Health Department announced causes of death in the population according to the international statistical classification.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.354

於二十世紀七十年代,時任香港總督麥理浩推動多項社會層面的改革,目的在於拉近政府與民眾之間的距離。

In the 1970s, then Governor of Hong Kong Murray MacLehose promoted various social reforms aimed at narrowing the distance between the government and the people.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.72

在日佔時期,港口事務由交通部負責管轄,而港務局所承擔的職能,與船政廳基本上並無二致。

During the Japanese occupation, port affairs were administered by the Transport Department, and the functions undertaken by the Port Authority were basically the same as those of the Marine Department.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.725

在英國管治年代,香港實行的是由倫敦直接管轄的殖民地體制。

During the British colonial era, Hong Kong operated under a colonial system directly administered from London.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.24

在英國管治年代,香港殖民地是依據《英王制誥》而成立,並置於英王權威之下。

During the British colonial era, the Colony of Hong Kong was established by Letters Patent and placed under the authority of the British Crown.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.24

在英國佔領與日本佔領的階段,香港均實行單層級政府架構,並無在該架構之下成立任何具政權性質的地區組織。

During both the British occupation and the Japanese occupation, Hong Kong operated a single-tier government structure, and no district organisations of a governmental nature were established under that structure.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.24

《行政報告》指出,二十世紀前半段香港的死亡比率長期處於高水平,戰爭、疾病與營養不足為三大主因。

The Administrative Report noted that Hong Kong's death rate remained at a high level throughout the first half of the twentieth century, with war, disease and malnutrition as the three main causes.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.333

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