香港大事記 · 1880 年代

1880 · 年級（1880年首位華人立法局非官守議員獲委任）。

首位華人立法局非官守議員伍廷芳獲委任，為華人參政之始。

Wu Ting-fang becomes the first Chinese unofficial member of the Legislative Council, marking the start of Chinese political participation.

背景 開埠之後，香港的立法局由官守議員主導，華人長期未有正式代表。一八八零年，伍廷芳獲委任為立法局非官守議員，成為首位出任該職的華人，被視為華人參政之始。伍廷芳其後在法律及外交界卓有名聲；他的任命亦反映當時政府開始吸納華人精英，以協助治理日益壯大的華人社群。

After the colony's founding, the Legislative Council was dominated by official members, and Chinese residents long lacked formal representation. In 1880 Wu Ting-fang was appointed an unofficial member, becoming the first Chinese to hold the post, a step regarded as the beginning of Chinese participation in government. At the time unofficial members were appointed rather than elected. Wu later earned renown in law and diplomacy, and his appointment reflected an effort to draw Chinese elites into helping govern the growing Chinese community.

記憶錨點 伍廷芳獲委任為立法局非官守議員，是首位華人出任該職，日後成為著名外交及法律界人物。

Wu Ting-fang became the first Chinese appointed an unofficial member of the Legislative Council, later a noted diplomat and lawyer.

來源 《香港年報2021》第二十二章：歷史（香港特別行政區政府）

historygovernment

1881 · 年級（1881年人口約16萬）。

香港人口約16萬，較開埠初期大幅增長。

Hong Kong's population reaches about 160,000, a significant increase from the early port days.

背景 開埠初年，香港人口不多；隨着轉口貿易發展及內地移民遷入，人口持續向上。至一八八一年，全港人口約十六萬，較開埠初期大幅增長，而人口以華人為主。人口增加帶動市區擴展及對各類公共服務的需求，亦影響日後政府規劃城市與服務的方式。

In the early years after the colony's founding Hong Kong's population was small; as entrepôt trade developed and migrants arrived from the mainland, it kept rising. By 1881 the population reached about 160,000, a significant increase from the early port days, and it was overwhelmingly Chinese. This growth drove the expansion of the urban area and demand for public services, and it shaped how the government planned the city and its services. Rising numbers also meant new pressures on land and housing in an expanding city.

記憶錨點 當時香港人口以華人為主，隨開埠後的貿易與移民持續增長。

Hong Kong's population was then overwhelmingly Chinese and kept growing with trade and migration.

來源 《香港年報2021》第二十二章：歷史（香港特別行政區政府）

historypopulation

1883 · 尖沙咀 · 天文台1883年成立，1884年起於尖沙咀基地常規氣象觀測。

因1874年「甲戌風災」嚴重傷亡，香港天文台成立。

Hong Kong Observatory is established following the deadly 1874 typhoon.

背景 香港天文台在1883年成立，總部設於尖沙咀艾爾尊山，提供報時、氣象及地磁觀測，並於1912年獲「皇家」銜頭。天文台的設立，與1874年「甲戌風災」造成嚴重傷亡有關，政府因而需要建立氣象觀測與預警能力。天文台其後在1884年起於尖沙咀基地進行常規氣象觀測，報時亦是其早期的恆常工作之一。

The Hong Kong Observatory was established in 1883, headquartered on Elgin Hill in Tsim Sha Tsui, providing time, meteorological and geomagnetic services; it received the royal title in 1912. Its founding was linked to the severe loss of life in the 1874 typhoon, which created a need for weather observation and warning capability. Regular meteorological observations at its Tsim Sha Tsui base began in 1884, and providing standard time was also one of its regular duties in the early years.

記憶錨點 天文台1883年成立，1912年獲「皇家」銜頭，總部設於尖沙咀艾爾尊山，提供報時、氣象及地磁觀測。

Established in 1883 and granted the royal title in 1912, the Observatory is headquartered on Elgin Hill, Tsim Sha Tsui, providing time, meteorological and geomagnetic services.

來源 香港天文台的歷史（香港天文台）

climatehistory

1883 · 年級（1883年大潭谷計劃啟動）。

大潭谷供水計劃啟動，興建大潭水塘群。

The Tai Tam Valley water supply scheme is launched, building the Tai Tam reservoir group.

背景 大潭谷供水計劃在1883年啟動，在該處興建多個水塘，組成香港首個大型供水系統。計劃以大潭谷為集水區，水塘其後陸續擴建，逐步增加供水量。這是香港由依賴水井與山溪，轉向以水塘為骨幹的集中供水系統的重要一步。

The Tai Tam Valley water supply scheme was launched in 1883, building several reservoirs there to form Hong Kong's first large water-supply system. The scheme used the Tai Tam Valley as its catchment, and the reservoirs were expanded over the years to increase supply as demand grew. It was an important step in the shift from reliance on wells and hill streams towards a centralised system built around reservoirs. The Tai Tam reservoirs went on to become a lasting part of the territory's water infrastructure.

記憶錨點 大潭谷供水計劃興建多個水塘，是香港首個大型供水系統，其後陸續擴建。

The Tai Tam scheme built several reservoirs as Hong Kong's first large water-supply system, later expanded.

來源 水務里程及水務古蹟（水務署）

historywater

1884 · 尖沙咀

前水警總部建成，為香港現存最古老政府建築之一。

The former Marine Police Headquarters is completed, among the oldest surviving government buildings in Hong Kong.

背景 前水警總部於1884年在尖沙咀建成，是香港現存最古老的政府建築之一。該建築於1994年列為法定古蹟，並在2009年經活化後命名「1881」。水警負責香港水域的巡邏與治安，總部設於海旁以配合其海上職能；作為昔日水警的總部，該址其後由歷史建築活化為商業及旅遊用途。

The former Marine Police Headquarters was completed in 1884 in Tsim Sha Tsui and is among the oldest surviving government buildings in Hong Kong. It was declared a monument in 1994 and, after revitalisation, was renamed "1881" in 2009. The Marine Police patrolled and policed Hong Kong's waters, and the waterfront headquarters suited that maritime role; as their former headquarters, the site was later revitalised for commercial and tourist use.

記憶錨點 1994年列為法定古蹟；2009年活化並命名「1881」。

Declared a monument in 1994; revitalised and renamed "1881" in 2009.

來源 古物古蹟辦事處

architectureheritage

1884 · 鰂魚涌（東區）

太古糖廠於鰂魚涌正式投產，為香港早期大型煉糖工業之一。

The Taikoo Sugar Refinery begins production at Quarry Bay, one of Hong Kong’s early large-scale industries.

背景 太古糖廠於1884年在鰂魚涌正式投產，是香港早期大型煉糖工業之一。該廠由太古糖業於1881年成立、1882年動工興建，反映英資企業在港島東岸發展工業的趨勢。煉糖業帶動鰂魚涌一帶成為工業區，廠房原址日後改建為太古城等用地，見證該區由工業用地轉為住宅社區的變遷。

The Taikoo Sugar Refinery began production at Quarry Bay in 1884 as one of Hong Kong's early large-scale industries. Established by Taikoo Sugar in 1881 with construction starting in 1882, it reflected the trend of British firms developing industry on the eastern side of Hong Kong Island. Sugar refining helped turn the Quarry Bay area into an industrial district, and the refinery site later gave way to uses such as Taikoo Shing, marking the area's shift from industry to a residential community.

記憶錨點 太古糖業1881年成立、1882年動工，1884年投產；原址日後成為太古城等用地。

Established 1881, construction 1882, production 1884; the site later hosted Taikoo Shing.

來源 太古集團太古今昔時間線

historyindustry

1884 · 油尖旺（尖沙咀） · 年級（天文台官網大事紀要記1884年設立熱帶氣旋警告系統）。

香港天文台設立首個熱帶氣旋警告系統，其後於1917年改用數字信號，成為八號風球制度之起源。

The Hong Kong Observatory establishes its first tropical-cyclone warning system; a numerical signal system follows in 1917, the origin of the No. 8 gale signal.

背景 香港天文台於1884年設立首個熱帶氣旋警告系統，早期以維港兩岸的信號站及鳴炮向船隻和居民發布風暴消息。其後於1917年改用數字信號，成為今日八號風球制度的起源。對以航運和漁業為主的早期香港而言，及時的風暴警告關係到船隻與沿岸居民的安全。

The Hong Kong Observatory established its first tropical-cyclone warning system in 1884. Early warnings were issued from signal stations on both sides of Victoria Harbour and by gunfire, so that ships and residents could recognise approaching storms. A numerical signal system followed in 1917, becoming the origin of today's No. 8 gale signal. For an early Hong Kong built around shipping and fishing, timely storm warnings were closely tied to the safety of vessels and coastal residents, and the system marked the start of organised storm alerting in the territory.

記憶錨點 早期風暴警告以維港兩岸的信號站及鳴炮發布，供船隻及居民識別。

Early storm warnings were issued from signal stations around the harbour and by gunfire, for ships and residents to recognise.

來源 香港天文台：天氣雷達歷史圖片（香港天文台）

weatherhistory

1885 · 鯉魚門（東區） · 官方記政府於1885年決定在鯉魚門興建炮台、1889年土地移交軍部；1941-12-19淪入日軍。

政府決定在鯉魚門興建炮台，保衛維多利亞港東面入口。

The Government decides to build batteries at Lei Yue Mun to defend the eastern approach to Victoria Harbour.

背景 政府於1885年決定在鯉魚門興建炮台，保衛維多利亞港東面入口，土地於1889年移交軍部。鯉魚門炮台在1941年12月19日被日軍攻佔，戰後曾作訓練用途。2000年，該處改作香港海防博物館，把軍事設施轉化為展示香港海防歷史的場所。炮台的興建與其後角色轉變，反映鯉魚門在海防上的戰略位置。

In 1885 the Government decided to build batteries at Lei Yue Mun to defend the eastern approach to Victoria Harbour, and the land was handed to the military in 1889. The batteries were captured by Japanese forces on 19 December 1941 and were used for training after the war. In 2000 the site became the Hong Kong Museum of Coastal Defence, turning a military installation into a place presenting Hong Kong's coastal defence history, a change that reflects Lei Yue Mun's strategic position.

記憶錨點 炮台於1889年移交軍部，1941年12月19日被日軍攻佔；戰後曾作訓練用途，2000年改作香港海防博物館。

Handed to the military in 1889 and captured by Japanese forces on 19 December 1941, the site later became the Hong Kong Museum of Coastal Defence in 2000.

來源 古物古蹟辦事處鯉魚門炮台

historyheritage

1887 · 中西區（上環） · 年級（香港大學創校歷史記香港華人西醫書院1887年成立）。

香港華人西醫書院成立，是香港大學醫學院前身，1911年併入香港大學。

The College of Medicine for Chinese is founded, becoming the predecessor of the HKU Faculty of Medicine, incorporated into HKU in 1911.

背景 香港華人西醫書院於1887年成立，由何啟、康德黎等人推動創辦，是香港西醫教育的開端，訓練本地華人西醫。書院於1911年併入香港大學，成為香港大學醫學院的前身。它為本地培養出首批受西方醫學訓練的醫生，也為香港大學的創立累積了基礎。

The College of Medicine for Chinese was founded in 1887, promoted by figures such as Ho Kai and James Cantlie, and marked the beginning of Western medical education in Hong Kong by training local Chinese doctors. In 1911 the college was incorporated into the University of Hong Kong, becoming the predecessor of its Faculty of Medicine. It produced some of the first locally trained Western-medicine doctors and helped build the groundwork for the founding of the university, its teaching combining medical science with clinical training for students.

記憶錨點 書院由何啟、康德黎等推動創辦，是香港西醫教育的開始，1911年併入香港大學。

Promoted by figures such as Ho Kai and James Cantlie, it began Western medical teaching in Hong Kong and joined HKU in 1911.

來源 香港大學：創校歷史（香港大學）

educationhealth

1888-01-19

經修訂《英皇制誥》生效，總督制定法律須徵求並獲得立法局同意。

The amended Letters Patent takes effect, requiring the Governor to obtain the consent of the Legislative Council before legislating.

背景 1888年1月19日，經修訂的《英皇制誥》生效，規定總督制定法律時須徵求並獲得立法局同意。修訂擴大了立法局的立法權，令總督會同立法局成為本地立法主體，改變了以往由總督主導立法的安排。這是香港憲制演變的重要一環，為日後立法機關職能的逐步發展奠下基礎。此日期以立法會立法機構時間線為據。

On 19 January 1888 an amended Letters Patent took effect, requiring the Governor to seek and obtain the Legislative Council's consent before making laws. The amendment widened the council's legislative power, making the Governor-in-Council the local legislature instead of leaving law-making to the Governor alone. It formed a notable step in Hong Kong's constitutional evolution and laid a basis for the later development of the legislature's functions. The date rests on the Legislative Council's institutional timeline.

記憶錨點 修訂擴大了立法局的立法權，總督會同立法局成為本地立法主體，是香港憲制演變的重要一環。

The amendment widened the Legislative Council's legislative power, making the Governor-in-Council the local legislature — a step in Hong Kong's constitutional evolution.

同日誌錄同一日嘅志錄（同一日發生，唔一定同一件事）： 1888年1月19日，英國就《英皇制誥》及《皇室訓令》兩份規管香港管…（第 172 頁）、 1888年1月19日，英國修訂香港憲制文件，規定港督制定法例時除諮詢…（第 172 頁）

來源 立法會歷史發展時間線（香港特別行政區立法會）

legalhistory

1888-05-30 · 中環／山頂（中西區）

山頂纜車首次投入服務，是香港以至亞洲歷史最悠久的纜索鐵路之一。

The Peak Tram commences service, one of the oldest funicular railways in Hong Kong and Asia.

背景 山頂纜車於1888年5月30日首次投入服務，是香港以至亞洲歷史最悠久的纜索鐵路之一，也是亞洲首條纜索鐵路。纜車全長約1.3公里，初期以蒸汽絞盤牽引，1926年改為電力驅動，方便山頂居民往來市區。時至今日，纜車仍是往來中環與太平山頂的主要交通工具。

The Peak Tram commenced service on 30 May 1888, one of the oldest funicular railways in Hong Kong and Asia and the first of its kind in Asia. Running about 1.3 km, it was initially hauled by a steam winch and converted to electric operation in 1926, easing travel between Victoria Peak and the city. It remains today the main transport between Central and Victoria Peak and is among Hong Kong's representative transport facilities.

記憶錨點 全長約1.3公里，是亞洲首條纜索鐵路，初期以蒸汽絞盤牽引，1926年改為電力驅動，至今仍是往來中環與太平山頂的主要交通工具。

About 1.3 km long and Asia’s first funicular railway, it was initially hauled by steam winch and converted to electric operation in 1926; it remains the main transport between Central and Victoria Peak.

同日誌錄同一日嘅志錄（同一日發生，唔一定同一件事）： 1888年5月30日，連接太平山頂的纜車系統正式啟用，成為香港史上首…（第 173 頁）

來源 山頂纜車歷史

transporthistory

1889 · 中環（中西區） · 官方確認香港首輪中環填海工程於1889年展開、1903年完工，分階段進行。

香港首輪中環填海工程展開並於1903年完工，將中環海岸線大幅北移，奠定現代商業中心地貌。

The first phase of the Central reclamation, running from 1889 to 1903, extends the Central waterfront northward and shapes the modern business district.

背景 香港首輪中環填海工程於1889年展開，至1903年完工，分階段進行。這輪填海造出德輔道、干諾道一帶的土地，把中環的海岸線大幅北移至今日干諾道中的位置。新增土地為中環的商業與道路發展提供空間，奠定日後中環作為現代商業中心的地貌與格局。

The first phase of the Central reclamation began in 1889 and was completed in 1903, carried out in stages. It created land along Des Voeux Road and Connaught Road, pushing Central's shoreline far north to where Connaught Road Central stands today. The new land gave room for commercial and road development in Central and shaped the terrain of the district as a modern business centre, in a pattern of coastal reclamation that Hong Kong would repeat.

記憶錨點 此輪填海造出德輔道、干諾道一帶土地，把海岸線北移至今日干諾道中，奠定中環商業區格局。

Creating land along Des Voeux Road and Connaught Road, it pushed the shoreline north to today's Connaught Road Central and shaped the CBD.

來源 古物諮詢委員會中環填海研究

landhistory

1889-01-24 · 香港（香港電燈有限公司註冊成立） · 日級（港燈官方記錄其於1889年1月24日註冊成立）。

香港首間電力公司「香港電燈有限公司」註冊成立。

The Hongkong Electric Company, Hong Kong's first electricity company, is incorporated.

背景 香港電燈有限公司於1889年1月24日註冊成立，是香港首間電力公司。公司初期為中環一帶提供照明電力，其後擴展至港島全區。港燈的成立，標誌着香港由煤氣照明逐步走向電力供應的年代，也為日後港島的電力基建奠下基礎。

The Hongkong Electric Company was incorporated on 24 January 1889 and became Hong Kong's first electricity company. It initially supplied lighting power to the Central area and later extended its service across the whole of Hong Kong Island. Providing electricity for lighting was an early use of its supply. Its incorporation marked the territory's gradual shift from gas lighting towards electric power and laid groundwork for the Island's electricity infrastructure. It remains one of Hong Kong's two main power suppliers today.

記憶錨點 港燈是香港首間電力公司，初期為中環一帶提供照明電力，其後擴展至港島全區。

HK Electric was Hong Kong's first power company, initially lighting Central and later serving the whole Island.

同日誌錄同一日嘅志錄（同一日發生，唔一定同一件事）： 香港電燈有限公司在1889年1月24日辦妥註冊手續，並於其後一年開始…（第 173 頁）

來源 港燈電力投資：我們的歷史（香港電燈有限公司）

energyhistory

1889-05-30 · 尖沙咀（香港天文台總部） · 天文台視「世紀大暴雨」橫跨5月29至30日、24小時錄得697.1毫米為有紀錄以來最高；官方網誌記至日級，採跨日翌日5月30日標註。

香港天文台錄得有紀錄以來最高的24小時雨量697.1毫米（世紀大暴雨）。

The Hong Kong Observatory records its all-time highest 24-hour rainfall of 697.1 mm from the Great Deluge of 1889.

背景 1889年5月底，一股暴雨為香港帶來連續兩日的特大降雨，天文台於5月29至30日的24小時內錄得697.1毫米雨量。此數字至今仍是香港有紀錄以來最高的24小時雨量，成為本地雨量觀測史上的指標。由於天文台官方網誌以日級記錄，該紀錄標註在跨日的翌日5月30日。

At the end of May 1889 a severe rainstorm brought two days of exceptionally heavy rainfall to Hong Kong, and the Observatory recorded 697.1 mm within the 24 hours spanning 29 and 30 May. That figure still stands as the highest 24-hour rainfall ever recorded in Hong Kong and remains a benchmark in the territory's rainfall history. Because the Observatory's official blog records the event at daily level, the record is dated to 30 May, the second day of the storm.

記憶錨點 該場「世紀大暴雨」錄得的單日雨量，至今仍是香港有紀錄以來的最高紀錄。

The rainfall recorded in the so-called century storm still stands as Hong Kong's highest single-day total on record.

同日誌錄同一日嘅志錄（同一日發生，唔一定同一件事）： 1889年5月30日當日，天文台總部於上午6時所測的24小時累積雨量…（第 300 頁）、 1889年5月30日早上5時，天文台錄得連續四小時的總降雨量為302…（第 307 頁）、 1889年5月30日早上5時，天文台錄得三小時總雨量為243.9毫米…（第 307 頁）、 1889年5月30日早上6時，天文台錄得24小時內累積雨量為697.…（第 307 頁）、 根據紀錄，1889年5月30日於天文台總部量度到的單日降雨量達520…（第 308 頁） 另有 2 條，見 該年志錄

來源 香港天文台網誌《1889年的世紀大暴雨》（香港天文台）

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