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《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事) Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events)
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute (2020). Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events) (p. 〈頁碼〉). /chronicle/archive/1683#〈條目編號〉
《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Resources and Ecology
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Resources and Ecology (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/1819#〈條目編號〉
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In 1683, a ship named the "Carolina" anchored in the waters around Lantau Island; it belonged to the British East India Company, had set sail from Macau, and stayed for two months, during which undisclosed trading activities took place.
In 1683, as the Zheng forces in Taiwan had been eliminated, the Qing government lifted the sea ban, after which vessels could resume normal fishing at sea, and residents of the islands of Tai Hai Shan (today's Lantau Island) were permitted to return to their original homes.
In the 7th year of the Yongzheng reign of the Qing dynasty (1729), the Qing court built the Kei Yik Kok Fort at Fan Lau (present-day Fan Lau) on Lantau Island.
In 1735, the 13th year of the Yongzheng reign of the Qing dynasty, the pirate leaders Zheng Lianfu and Zheng Lianchang, two brothers, carried out robberies along the Guangdong coast, occupying respectively Lantau Island in Hong Kong and Devil's Hill on the north shore of Lei Yue Mun, now called Devil's Peak.
In the eighth year of the Jiaqing reign (1803), residents of Pui O on Lantau Island pooled funds to build a wall to defend against the pirate Tam A-che, completed in the tenth year of the Jiaqing reign (1805), which is today's Pui O Lo Wai.
From November to December 1809 (the tenth month of the fourteenth year of the Jiaqing reign of the Qing dynasty), Kwok Po-tai led several hundred pirate ships and anchored in the waters near Lantau Island and Chik Lap Kok (now Chek Lap Kok). Xin'an County Magistrate Zheng Yulun led the naval forces in a suppression campaign, while Governor-General of Liangguang Bailing sent several hundred warships to intercept, but both attempts failed.
On 20 November 1809 (the thirteenth day of the tenth month of the fourteenth year of the Jiaqing reign of the Qing), Sun Quanmou, naval commander of Guangdong, together with Peng Zhaolin, magistrate of Xiangshan, led the Guangdong naval forces and joined with Portuguese ships from Macao to attack the pirate Zhang Bao, who was holding out on Lantau Island and at Chik Lap Kok (present-day Chek Lap Kok), trapping him in Tung Chung Bay; on 29 November (the twenty-second day of the tenth month) Zhang Bao broke out by taking advantage of the wind.
In the twenty-fourth year of the Jiaqing reign of the Qing (1819), the Lantau Shan station and the Tung Chung Hau station had already been established within Lantau Island, while on Hong Kong Island the Hung Heung Lo station was set up, and troops were likewise stationed around Stanley.
In 1831 (the eleventh year of the Daoguang reign of the Qing), the Qing court split the Dapeng garrison into left and right battalions, with the right battalion stationed in the newly completed Tung Chung fort and a garrison commander posted there, in order to strengthen the defences around Lantau Island.
On the twenty-fifth day of the fifth month of the eleventh year of the Daoguang reign (4 July 1831), the Daoguang Emperor issued an edict stating that foreign opium hulks anchored at Dayushan near Humen (present-day Lantau) were storing opium and smuggling it inland, causing serious harm, and therefore appointed Li Hongbin, Governor-General of Liangguang, to thoroughly suppress opium and cut off the source of smuggling.
On the tenth day of the ninth month of the fifteenth year of the Daoguang reign, Huang Juezi, the Qinglusi Qing, submitted a memorial to the court stating that the British colluded with coastal traders and the navy, enabling hulks to anchor at Lantau to load opium and then smuggle it by small boats to Canton, Nanhai, Panyu and other coastal places.
On 19 December 1840, Qishan submitted a memorial to the Qing court in the name of Imperial Commissioner, proposing to agree to pay the British six million silver dollars for the opium and to open Xiamen and Fuzhou as additional treaty ports besides Guangzhou, in order to prevent Britain from seizing Lantau Island or Hong Kong Island by force.