Every entry is citable. Press “Cite this entry” for a Chinese footnote, Chinese bibliography, APA or Chicago note — all derived from the registered source and the generated archive, never hand-written. If a registered source has no publication year, the citation prints the access date and says so.
冇 JavaScript 都用得:來源書目模板 / Source patterns (no JavaScript needed)
《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事) Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events)
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute (2020). Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events) (p. 〈頁碼〉). /chronicle/archive/1517#〈條目編號〉
《香港志·自然》自然環境 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Territory, Geography and Population (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/1573#〈條目編號〉
Substitute the entry’s page number and ID (shown as 〈頁碼〉/〈條目編號〉) into the pattern above. The same templates, plus rules and limits, are in the citation block of /api/v1/archive.json.
In late September 1517, the Portuguese fleet arrived at Guangzhou and sought trade under the pretext of tribute but was refused, so it withdrew to Tuen Mun; the mission led by Tomé Pires went to Nanjing and Beijing by bribery hoping to obtain an audience with the Zhengde Emperor, but ultimately failed.
In 1521, the mission led by Tomé Pires was detained and taken to Guangzhou for imprisonment because the Portuguese had committed murder and plunder at Tuen Mun.
In August to September 1527 (autumn, eighth month of the sixth year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming dynasty), the Guangzhou area was struck by a typhoon and heavy rain, with Qingyuan, Dongguan, Longmen and Zengcheng suffering the worst damage.
In 1573 (the first year of the Wanli reign), Guangzhou Prefecture transferred the fifty-six li of territory north of the southern coastline of Dongguan County to Xin'an County and placed the county's original 7,608 households and 33,971 people under the administration of Xin'an County.
In May and June 1573, the Ming court approved the request of local gentry in Nantou and carved out fifty-six li, 7,608 households and 33,971 people from Dongguan County to establish Xin'an County, with its seat at Nantou under Guangzhou Prefecture, its jurisdiction roughly corresponding to present-day Hong Kong and Shenzhen; the county name "Xin'an" implies removing old abuses and turning danger into safety.
The administrative centre of Xin'an County was located at Nantou in Dongguan, the county was under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou Prefecture, and the Hong Kong area was from then on incorporated into the governance of Xin'an County, Guangzhou Prefecture.
From 1573, the first year of the Wanli reign of the Ming dynasty, the Hong Kong area was administered by Xin'an County of Guangzhou Prefecture until gradual British occupation in the nineteenth century; during this period it was briefly merged only from 1666 to 1668, the fifth to seventh years of the Kangxi reign of the Qing dynasty.
In 1637, King Charles I of England appointed Captain Weddell of the Courteen Association to lead armed merchant ships to South China; ignoring Ming officials' order to anchor at present-day Lantau Island, he sailed directly into the Pearl River estuary and reached Guangzhou before withdrawing; this was the first time the English government sent merchant ships to China.