繁體中文
歐陽予倩1889年5月20日喺湖南瀏陽出世，原名歐陽立袁，號南杰，藝名蓮笙、蘭容，筆名春柳、桃花不疑庵主。佢1904年赴日本留學，先入明治大學商科，後轉早稻田大學文科。1907年佢喺日本加入春柳社，與李叔同、曾孝谷、陸鏡若等在東京本鄉座演出根據《湯姆叔叔的小屋》改編嘅《黑奴籲天錄》，扮演當中角色，並喺1909年演出《熱血》。1911年歸國後，佢同陸鏡若等人組織新劇同志會，喺上海、江蘇演出鼓吹革命、反對封建嘅新劇。佢亦鑽研京劇，1915年起正式做京劇演員，演出十四年，與梅蘭芳齊名，有「北梅南歐」之譽，並編寫大量「紅樓戲」。1918年佢應張謇之邀到南通，籌建伶工學社同更俗劇場，推行戲曲改良，主張伶工學社「是為社會效力之藝術團體，不是私家歌童養習所」。1921年佢同沈雁冰等發起成立民眾戲劇社，並創辦《戲劇》月刊。1926年佢加入南國社，創作話劇《潘金蓮》，同年經卜萬蒼介紹入電影界，為民新影片公司編寫《玉潔冰清》等默片；1929年佢喺廣州創辦廣東戲劇研究所。1931年加入「左聯」，1934年返上海後轉向有聲電影，編導《新桃花扇》、《清明時節》、《小玲子》、《海棠紅》等。抗戰時期佢編寫歷史劇《忠王李秀成》，喺桂林出任廣西省立藝術館館長，推動西南地區嘅話劇運動，並把京劇《梁紅玉》移植為桂劇。抗戰勝利後，佢喺新中國劇社同香港永華影業公司任編導，編導電影《野火春風》、《戀愛之道》，並將京劇《桃花扇》改編成話劇。1950年佢出任中央戲劇學院首任院長，1955年加入中國共產黨。佢一生創作、改編話劇四十餘部、執導話劇五十餘齣，並著有《自我演劇以來》等書，主張「戲曲即歌劇」。1962年9月21日佢喺北京離世。
English
Ouyang Yuqian was born in Liuyang, Hunan, on 20 May 1889; his original name was Ouyang Liyuan and his stage names included Liansheng and Lanrong. He went to Japan in 1904, first studying commerce at Meiji University and later literature at Waseda. In 1907 he joined the Spring Willow Society in Japan and, with Li Shutong, Zeng Xiaogu and Lu Jingruo, performed in the adaptation of 'Uncle Tom's Cabin' at the Hongza-za in Tokyo, and appeared in 'Hot Blood' in 1909. After returning to China in 1911 he helped organise the New Drama Comrades' Society with Lu Jingruo, performing revolutionary and anti-feudal drama in Shanghai and Jiangsu. He also mastered Peking opera, becoming a professional performer in 1915 for fourteen years and ranking alongside Mei Lanfang as 'Mei of the North, Ouyang of the South'; he wrote numerous 'Red Chamber' plays. In 1918, at the invitation of Zhang Jian, he went to Nantong to found the Linggong Drama School and the Gengsu Theatre to reform opera, insisting that the school 'serves society and is no private training house for singing boys'. In 1921 he helped found the People's Drama Society and the journal Drama. In 1926 he joined the Nanguo Society, wrote the play 'Pan Jinlian' and, through Bu Wancang's introduction, began working in film, writing silent pictures such as 'Pure as Jade' for the China Sun company; in 1929 he founded the Guangdong Drama Research Institute in Canton. He joined the League of Left-Wing Writers in 1931, and from 1934 turned to sound films, writing and directing 'The New Peach Blossom Fan' and others. During the war he wrote the historical play 'Li Xiucheng, the Loyal King' and, in Guilin, ran the Guangxi Provincial Art Gallery, promoting drama in the south-west. After the war he worked as a director-writer at the New China Drama Society and Hong Kong's Yonghua Film Company, adapting the Peking opera 'The Peach Blossom Fan' for the spoken stage. In 1950 he became the first president of the Central Academy of Drama and joined the Communist Party in 1955. He wrote or adapted more than forty plays and directed over fifty, argued that 'traditional opera is opera', and died in Beijing on 21 September 1962.
