政府官員 / Government official

李國能

Andrew Li Kwok-nang

1997年7月1日–2010年8月31日任終審法院首席法官;1992–1996年行政局議員

領域:政治人物

繁體中文

李國能(Andrew Li Kwok-nang,1948年— )1948年12月12日在香港出生,祖籍廣東鶴山,係香港名門李佩材家族後人,與李福逑為父子。他幼年就讀聖公會幼稚園,1954至1960年就讀聖保羅男女中學附屬小學,1960至1963年升讀聖保羅男女中學,中三後赴英國打比郡普頓學校(1963至1967年),1967年入讀劍橋大學,1971年取得文學碩士及法學碩士。1970年他在英國取得大律師資格,1973年起在香港執業,1982年8月任地方法院暫委法官,1986年8月任稅務上訴委員會副主席,1988年獲委任御用大律師,1989年出任大學及理工學院資助委員會主席及司法人員敘用委員會委員,1991年6月任暫委高等法院大法官,1992年10月至1996年任行政局議員。1997年7月1日他獲首任行政長官董建華委任為香港終審法院首任首席法官,任內處理多宗涉及《基本法》嘅憲制案件,其中1999年吳嘉玲案嘅判決引發首次人大釋法,成為「一國兩制」下司法與憲制關係嘅標誌性案例。他任內亦多次就司法獨立作出闡述,並歷任香港大學校務委員會成員、香港賽馬會董事、土地發展公司主席、香港科技大學校董會副主席、嶺南學院校董及聖保羅男女中學校董會副主席。2008年他獲頒大紫荊勳章;2009年9月2日宣布提早退休,2010年8月31日卸任,任期十三年,由馬道立接任。退休後他仍就司法獨立與釋法問題發聲,2011年10月應邀出任北京大學法學院客座教授;2017年他首度評論人大就宣誓風波釋法,認為在法院判決前釋法會對公眾就司法獨立嘅觀感帶來負面影響,並主張人大應在非常例外情況下方行使解釋權。他與妻子李胡慕瑛育有兩名女兒。

English

Andrew Li Kwok-nang (born 12 December 1948) was born in Hong Kong into the prominent Li Pei-tsai family, the son of Li Fook-kau. Educated at St Paul's Co-educational College and its primary school (1954-60), he went on to Repton School in Derbyshire (1963-67) and read at Cambridge (1967-71), taking master's degrees in arts and law. Called to the English bar in 1970, he practised in Hong Kong from 1973, served as a deputy district judge in August 1982 and vice-chairman of the Board of Review in August 1986, took silk in 1988, chaired the University and Polytechnic Grants Committee from 1989 (also serving on the Judicial Service Commission), acted as a High Court judge in June 1991 and sat on the Executive Council from October 1992 to 1996. On 1 July 1997 Chief Executive Tung Chee-hwa appointed him the first Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal, a post in which he handled some of the first constitutional cases under the Basic Law, notably the 1999 Ng Ka-ling judgment on the right of abode, which triggered the first interpretation of the Basic Law by the NPC Standing Committee and became a landmark of the judicial-constitutional relationship under 'one country, two systems'. He also served on the University of Hong Kong's council, as a steward of the Hong Kong Jockey Club, chairman of the Land Development Corporation and deputy chairman of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology's council. Awarded the Grand Bauhinia Medal in 2008, he announced early retirement on 2 September 2009 and stepped down on 31 August 2010 after thirteen years, succeeded by Geoffrey Ma. He became a visiting professor at Peking University Law School in October 2011 and, in 2017, warned that interpreting the Basic Law before a court ruling damages public perceptions of judicial independence, while accepting that the NPCSC's power of interpretation is part of the system and should be used only in exceptional circumstances. He and his wife Li Wu Mo-ying have two daughters.

人物小檔 Profile

職業Occupation

法官、首任香港終審法院首席法官

年期Active period

1997年7月1日–2010年8月31日任終審法院首席法官;1992–1996年行政局議員

代表作Notable works

香港終審法院首任首席法官(1997–2010);主理吳嘉玲案等《基本法》憲制案件

獎項及榮譽Awards & honours

大紫荊勳章(2008)、CBE、JP

資料整理日期 / Compiled: 2026-09-13

權威檔 Authority record

一個人一個穩定代號(slug)同呢幾項別名,跨頁統一引用;外連指向同一人物的權威出處。

同一權威識別:https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q475435

主要成就 Key Achievements

1997

獲行政長官董建華委任為香港終審法院首任首席法官

Appointed by Chief Executive Tung Chee-hwa as the first Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal

1999

終審法院就吳嘉玲案作出判決,其後引發首次人大釋法

The Court of Final Appeal's Ng Ka-ling judgment triggered the first interpretation of the Basic Law by the NPC Standing Committee

2008

獲頒授大紫荊勳章

Awarded the Grand Bauhinia Medal

影響與傳承 Impact & Legacy

繁體中文

作為香港終審法院首任首席法官,李國能喺回歸初期為特區司法制度奠定框架,1999年吳嘉玲案更確立人大釋法與司法審判嘅互動先例,佢對司法獨立嘅闡述長年影響香港憲制討論。

English

As the first Chief Justice of Hong Kong's Court of Final Appeal, Andrew Li shaped the framework of the SAR's judiciary in the early post-handover years; the 1999 Ng Ka-ling case set the precedent for how NPCSC interpretation interacts with the courts, and his statements on judicial independence have long informed Hong Kong's constitutional debate.

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