政府官員 / Government official

陳方安生

Anson Chan

1940年–;1962–2001年任公職,2007–2008年任立法會議員

領域:政治人物

繁體中文

陳方安生(Anson Chan Fang On-sang),1940年1月17日於上海出生,祖籍安徽壽縣,信奉天主教,在家中與一名胞姊妹為雙胞胎。祖父方振武為抗日名將,父親方心誥為紡織商人,母親方召麐為國畫名家,叔父方心讓為知名骨科醫生,家族於1948年移居香港。她先後就讀嘉諾撒聖心學校及聖保祿學校,中學畢業後曾在瑪麗醫院短暫任文員;1959年入讀香港大學文學院,主修英文及英國文學,1962年取得榮譽文學士學位後加入港英政府任政務主任,其後亦曾於美國塔夫茨大學進修。她歷任助理財政司(1970)、助理新界政務司(1972)、副社會事務司(1976)及社會福利署副署長(1979);1984年升任社會福利署署長,成為開埠以來首位出掌政府部門的女性,任內推行多項社會福利改革;據記載同年12月她曾代表港府前往北京列席《中英聯合聲明》的簽署儀式。1987年她出任經濟司,1993年4月改任公務員事務司,同年11月29日獲末任港督彭定康委任為布政司,為首位華人及首位女性出任此職,在回歸前後負責統籌公務員體系過渡及與中央政府磋商安排。她於1963年與陳棣榮結婚,陳棣榮曾任香港輔助警察隊總監,兩人育有一子一女;她於1975年獲委任為官守太平紳士,1992年獲頒英帝國司令勳章(CBE)。1997年7月1日香港回歸,她過渡為首任政務司司長,任內不時傳出她與行政長官董建華不和的傳聞;至2001年4月30日,她以私人理由提早退休,結束近三十九年公務員生涯,其間於1999年獲頒大紫荊勳章。2002年,英女王伊利沙伯二世向她授予聖米迦勒及聖喬治爵級大十字勳章名譽勳位(GCMG),此勳在回歸前通常只授予港督;她亦持有法國榮譽軍團騎士勳章,並先後獲塔夫茨大學、香港大學及利物浦大學頒授名譽學位。她其後表示,提早退休是因為不滿行政長官董建華急於推行高官問責制,令司局級官員脫離公務員系統、改為政治任命。退休後她仍然活躍於香港政壇,2005年12月4日參加爭取普選大遊行,並在2006年及2007年參與七一遊行。2007年9月11日,她宣布參加立法會港島區補選;同年12月,她擊敗主要對手葉劉淑儀當選,取得約17.5萬票,得票率約五成半,成為香港歷來首位參選並當選立法會的前布政司,任期至2008年9月30日。2013年4月,她成立民間組織「香港2020」,就香港政制發展發表意見,成員包括李鵬飛、陳文敏等;2020年,她宣布退出政治。

English

Anson Chan Fang On-sang was born in Shanghai on 17 January 1940, one of twins, her family from Shou County in Anhui. Her grandfather Fang Zhenwu was a noted anti-Japanese general, her father Fang Shin-hau a textile manufacturer, her mother Fang Zhaoling a master of Chinese painting and her uncle Sir Harry Fang Sin-yang a well-known orthopaedic surgeon; the family moved to Hong Kong in 1948. She was educated at Sacred Heart Canossian School and St Paul's Convent School, worked briefly as a clerk at Queen Mary Hospital, entered the University of Hong Kong's Faculty of Arts in 1959 to study English and English literature, and graduated with an honours degree in 1962 before joining the colonial government as an administrative officer; she later also studied at Tufts University in the United States. Her posts included assistant Financial Secretary (1970), assistant New Territories Secretary (1972), deputy Secretary for Social Services (1976) and deputy Director of Social Welfare (1979). In 1984 she became Director of Social Welfare, the first woman to head a government department, and introduced several reforms to welfare services; in December that year she is recorded as representing the Hong Kong government in Beijing at the signing of the Sino-British Joint Declaration. She was Secretary for Economic Services from 1987 and Secretary for the Civil Service from April 1993, before Governor Chris Patten appointed her Chief Secretary on 29 November 1993, making her the first Chinese and the first woman to hold the office; before and after the handover she oversaw arrangements for the civil-service transition and negotiations with the central government. She married Chan Tai-wing, a former Commissioner of the Hong Kong Auxiliary Police Force, in 1963 and they had a son and a daughter. She was appointed an official Justice of the Peace in 1975 and was awarded the CBE in 1992. On 1 July 1997 she became the first Chief Secretary of the Hong Kong SAR, and her tenure was marked by persistent reports of friction with Chief Executive Tung Chee-hwa. She took early retirement on personal grounds on 30 April 2001 after almost thirty-nine years in the civil service; she received the Grand Bauhinia Medal in 1999. In 2002 Queen Elizabeth II made her an Honorary Dame Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George, an honour usually reserved for governors before the handover; she also holds the French Legion of Honour and honorary degrees from Tufts, the University of Hong Kong and the University of Liverpool. She returned to public life in 2005. In December 2007 she won the Hong Kong Island LegCo by-election against Regina Ip with about 175,000 votes, becoming the first former Chief Secretary to sit in the legislature, until September 2008. In April 2013 she founded the civil-society group Hong Kong 2020 to comment on constitutional reform, with members including Allen Lee and Johannes Chan, and in 2020 she announced her retirement from politics.

人物小檔 Profile

職業Occupation

政府官員、立法會議員

年期Active period

1940年–;1962–2001年任公職,2007–2008年任立法會議員

代表作Notable works

第一位出任布政司的華人(1993–1997);香港首任政務司司長(1997–2001)

獎項及榮譽Awards & honours

大紫荊勳章(1999);聖米迦勒及聖喬治爵級大十字勳章名譽勳位(GCMG,2002);英帝國司令勳章(CBE,1992)

資料整理日期 / Compiled: 2026-09-12

權威檔 Authority record

一個人一個穩定代號(slug)同呢幾項別名,跨頁統一引用;外連指向同一人物的權威出處。

  • Anson Chan Fang On-sang · name

    英文全名

  • 陳太 · variant

    傳媒稱呼

  • 陳方安生女士 · variant

    正式稱謂

同一權威識別:https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200650

主要成就 Key Achievements

1984

出任社會福利署署長,成為香港開埠以來首位出掌政府部門的女性。

Became Director of Social Welfare, the first woman to head a government department in Hong Kong.

1993

獲委任為布政司,是首位華人及首位女性出任此職。

Appointed Chief Secretary, the first Chinese and first woman to hold the post.

1997

香港回歸後過渡為首任政務司司長。

Became the Hong Kong SAR's first Chief Secretary after the 1997 handover.

影響與傳承 Impact & Legacy

繁體中文

陳方安生長期位居公務員體系高位,1993年成為首位華人布政司,回歸後出任首任政務司司長,負責統籌公務員過渡安排,對九七前後政府運作的延續起過關鍵作用。她以親切的笑容形象深入民心,退休後轉戰立法會及民間團體,就政制發展持續發聲。她亦多次在國際場合談及香港事務,成為回歸後具爭議性的公共人物之一。

English

As a long-serving senior civil servant, Anson Chan became the first Chinese Chief Secretary in 1993 and the SAR's first Chief Secretary after the handover, overseeing arrangements for the civil-service transition and helping the continuity of government across 1997. Known to the public for her ready smile, she moved after retirement into the legislature and civil society, continuing to speak on constitutional development. She also spoke about Hong Kong affairs on international platforms, making her one of the more controversial public figures of the post-handover era.

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