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《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口) Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Territory, Geography and Population
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Territory, Geography and Population (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/1572#〈條目編號〉
《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事) Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events)
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute (2020). Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events) (p. 〈頁碼〉). /chronicle/archive/1573#〈條目編號〉
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According to the "Xin'an Jing Shi Bei Ji" written by He Weibai, Minister of Rites of the Ming dynasty, residents of Xin'an County in the 6th year of the Longqing reign of the Ming dynasty (1572) sustained themselves through farming, well digging, fishing and trading, and were self-sufficient through their own labour.
In 1573 (the first year of the Wanli reign of the Ming dynasty), Xin'an County, whose jurisdiction covered Hong Kong, recorded 7,608 households and a total population of 33,971.
In 1573 (the first year of the Wanli reign), Guangzhou Prefecture transferred the fifty-six li of territory north of the southern coastline of Dongguan County to Xin'an County and placed the county's original 7,608 households and 33,971 people under the administration of Xin'an County.
In May and June 1573, the Ming court approved the request of local gentry in Nantou and carved out fifty-six li, 7,608 households and 33,971 people from Dongguan County to establish Xin'an County, with its seat at Nantou under Guangzhou Prefecture, its jurisdiction roughly corresponding to present-day Hong Kong and Shenzhen; the county name "Xin'an" implies removing old abuses and turning danger into safety.
In 1573, the first year of the Wanli reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Ming dynasty, the Ming government established a new county in the coastal area south of Dongguan County and named it Xin'an County; from that time Hong Kong fell within the jurisdiction of Xin'an County.
In the first year of the Wanli reign of the Ming dynasty (1573), the court accepted the request of Nantou gentry Wu Zuo and others to allocate 56 li of county land from Dongguan County and establish Xin'an County separately.
During the Wanli reign of the Ming dynasty (1573 to 1620), the area under the jurisdiction of the 5th du of Ende Xiang in Xin'an County covered part of Hong Kong.
During the Wanli period of the Ming dynasty, the administrative divisions of Xin'an County comprised three xiang (Ende Xiang, Yanfu Xiang and Guicheng Xiang) and seven du.
The Jiaqing-era Xin'an County Gazetteer of the Qing dynasty records that at the time Xin'an County was established, the original registered quota was 7,608 households and 33,971 persons.
The administrative centre of Xin'an County was located at Nantou in Dongguan, the county was under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou Prefecture, and the Hong Kong area was from then on incorporated into the governance of Xin'an County, Guangzhou Prefecture.
From 1573 (the first year of the Wanli reign of the Ming dynasty) until December 1843, the governance of Hong Kong was handled by the Guanfu Inspection Office of Xin'an County.
In 1573, the first year of the Wanli reign of the Ming dynasty, Xin'an County (under whose jurisdiction Hong Kong then fell) recorded 7,608 households.
In 1573, the 1st year of the Wanli reign of the Ming dynasty, Xin'an County was established by the imperial court, and its jurisdiction roughly covered present-day Hong Kong and Shenzhen.
In 1573 (the first year of the Wanli reign of the Ming dynasty), the administrative jurisdiction over Hong Kong changed, coming under the newly established Xin'an County, which was carved out of Dongguan County.
In 1573 (the first year of the Wanli reign), Xin'an County was formally established with its administrative centre at Nantou, and the county name means removing the old and establishing the new and turning danger into safety.
During the Wanli period of the Ming dynasty, in the administrative divisions of Xin'an County, Ende Xiang managed the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th du, Yanfu Xiang managed the 4th du, and Guicheng Xiang managed the 6th and 7th du.
From 1573, the first year of the Wanli reign of the Ming dynasty, the Hong Kong area was administered by Xin'an County of Guangzhou Prefecture until gradual British occupation in the nineteenth century; during this period it was briefly merged only from 1666 to 1668, the fifth to seventh years of the Kangxi reign of the Qing dynasty.
In 1574, Lin Yunlong, whose ancestral home was Fujian, was appointed the first Inspector of the Guanfu Agency after the establishment of Xin'an County.
Household data for the tenth year of the Wanli reign of the Ming dynasty (1582) show that Xin'an County had 19,627 male ding and 14,883 female persons.
In the 15th year of the Wanli reign of the Ming dynasty, Xin'an County suffered a severe drought, and Deng Yuanxun of Cen Tian donated 2,000 shi of rice; magistrate Qiu Tiqian, considering Cen Tian's soil fertile and its fields brocade-like, renamed the place Kam Tin.
In the 15th year of the Wanli reign (1587), Xin'an County magistrate Qiu Tiqian oversaw the compilation of the county's first gazetteer, the Xin'an County Gazetteer, which is now lost with only its preface surviving.
In the 24th year of the Wanli reign of the Ming dynasty, Xin'an County suffered a severe drought that caused food shortages, with rice prices rising to 1 mace 6 candareens of silver per dou; Chan Hei, a resident of Tsing Yi Island, donated 1,000 shi of millet to relieve the starving, and was thereby given the title of "Xiangyin Zhengbin".
Between the fourth and fifth lunar months of the 4th year of the Tianqi reign of the Ming dynasty, food prices soared in Xin'an County, with one dou of white rice priced at 1 mace 5 candareens of silver.
During the Chongzhen period of the Ming dynasty (1628–1644), outsiders migrated as vagrants into Xin'an County, which in turn gave rise to governance problems such as litigation over false claims of identity.
The Xin'an County Gazetteer compiled in the second year of the Chongzhen reign of the Ming dynasty (1629) records that an epidemic spread that year, causing numerous deaths.
Between the fourth and fifth lunar months of the 9th year of the Chongzhen reign of the Ming dynasty, Xin'an County suffered a drought followed by famine, with rice priced at 1 mace 6 candareens of silver per dou, and the county magistrate allocated grain to relieve the victims.
During the 10th year of the Chongzhen reign of the Ming dynasty, Xin'an County magistrate Li Xuan oversaw the revision of the Xin'an County Gazetteer, which no longer survives today.
Around 1640 to 1644, Xin'an County magistrate Zhou Xiyao stated that villages in Xin'an County, including the Hong Kong area, frequently engaged in armed conflicts over markets and farmland.
The population of Xin'an County in 1642 (the fifteenth year of the Chongzhen reign of the Ming) was 17,871 persons, male and female combined; in 1664 (the third year of the Kangxi reign of the Qing) the number of ding was 2,172.