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《香港志·自然》自然環境 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment
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According to measurements at the King's Park meteorological station, between 2000 and 2020 the seasonal variation in monthly average ultraviolet index values was pronounced: May, June, July, August and September were all above 3.00, with July recording the highest monthly average of 4.40, while December, January and February were only about 2.00.
On 1 April 2000, the function of the World Meteorological Organization basic surface observation station at the King's Park Meteorological Station was taken over by the Chek Lap Kok Airport Aviation Meteorological Station.
By the end of 2001, the Hong Kong Observatory had installed a satellite receiving system at King's Park to receive images transmitted by the Fengyun-1 series and NOAA polar-orbiting meteorological satellites.
In 2005, the King's Park meteorological station recorded an annual total global solar radiation of 4,414.45 megajoules per square metre, ranking third from the bottom.
In February 2005, the King's Park meteorological station recorded a monthly total solar radiation of 168.69 megajoules per square metre, the fourth lowest on record.
The heat stress measurement system was installed at the King's Park meteorological station and the Observatory headquarters in 2007 and 2010 respectively.
Between 1961 and 2020, the King's Park Meteorological Station recorded a monthly total solar radiation of 675.17 megajoules per square metre in July 2007, ranking fifth.
Between 2008 and 2014, the King's Park Meteorological Station recorded monthly mean minimum globe wet-bulb temperatures of 25.1 degrees Celsius and 25.0 degrees Celsius for July and August respectively.
Between 2008 and 2014, the King's Park Meteorological Station recorded mean maximum globe wet-bulb temperatures of 32.2 degrees Celsius and 32.3 degrees Celsius for July and August respectively.
Between 2008 and 2014, the monthly mean globe wet-bulb temperature for January observed at the King's Park Meteorological Station was 13.8 degrees Celsius, while the monthly mean minimum and monthly mean maximum were 10.9 degrees Celsius and 18.4 degrees Celsius respectively.
Observations at the King's Park Meteorological Station between 2008 and 2014 showed that the monthly mean globe wet-bulb temperatures for July and August were both the highest, each reaching 27.6 degrees Celsius.
Data recorded at the King's Park meteorological station from 2009 to 2020 show that the monthly fluctuations in diffuse solar radiation followed a pattern similar to that of global solar radiation.
From 2009 to 2020, the average daily direct solar radiation recorded at King's Park trended upwards, rising by 0.10 megajoules per square metre per year.
Between 2009 and 2020, the monthly fluctuation pattern of direct solar radiation recorded at King's Park Weather Station was similar to that of sunshine duration, with both being lower in the first six months and higher in the last six months.
According to greenhouse gas observations conducted by the Hong Kong Observatory at the King's Park Meteorological Station since May 2009, the annual mean carbon dioxide concentration there increased from 398 parts per million in 2010 to 413 parts per million in 2016.
According to records, the monthly total solar radiation at King's Park meteorological station in February 2010 reached 176.87 megajoules per square metre, ranking fifth from the bottom.
The measurement period of the King's Park Meteorological Station was 2009 to 2020, during which the monthly average daily direct solar radiation was lowest in February 2010 at 1.20 megajoules per square metre.
From 2011 to 2020, the annual average carbon dioxide concentration at the King's Park meteorological station was 412.3 ppm; the station is located in an urban area.
As plant activity weakens in winter, the monthly average carbon dioxide concentration at King's Park Meteorological Station rose to 424.0 ppm in January.
The monthly average carbon dioxide concentration recorded at the King's Park meteorological station in July each year reached 401.4 ppm, the lowest figure for the station in the year, which is related to vigorous plant growth in summer.
In 2012, the only year in the King's Park observation period, the daily average diffuse solar radiation was higher than the direct solar radiation, with a difference of 0.92 megajoules per square metre.
In March 2013, the Observatory installed a microwave radiometer at King's Park to obtain vertical profiles of temperature and humidity through remote sensing.
In 2014, the wet-bulb globe temperature at the King's Park meteorological station was computed from three data components, weighted as natural wet-bulb temperature 0.70, globe temperature 0.20 and dry-bulb temperature 0.10.
In terms of monthly average maximum Heat Index, the peak recorded at the King's Park Meteorological Station was 30.1 degrees Celsius in July 2014, covering the period from June 2014 to December 2020.
The lowest monthly mean heat index recorded at the King's Park meteorological station was 13.5 degrees Celsius, occurring in February 2016 within the period from June 2014 to December 2020.
The monthly average Heat Index recorded at the King's Park Meteorological Station in July 2020 reached 28.4 degrees Celsius, the highest among all months between June 2014 and December 2020.
From June 2014 to December 2020, the total number of days with a maximum daily Heat Index of 30.0 degrees Celsius or above was 375, mostly concentrated in May to October, with an average of 16.3 days in July.
From 2015 to 2020, the July heat index recorded at the King's Park meteorological station had a monthly mean, monthly mean maximum and monthly mean minimum of 27.9°C, 29.7°C and 25.4°C respectively, all three being the highest among all months of the year.
Between 2015 and 2020, data from the King's Park meteorological station showed that the monthly mean, monthly mean maximum and monthly mean minimum of the January Heat Index were all the lowest of the year, at 15.7°C, 17.9°C and 12.8°C respectively.
According to measurements at the King's Park meteorological station, the monthly average UV index in January 2016 was 1.22, the lowest between 2000 and 2020.
Between 2009 and 2020, the monthly average daily diffuse solar radiation measured at the King's Park meteorological station reached its lowest level of 4.71 megajoules per square metre in January 2016.
Within these 375 days, there were three days when the daily maximum Heat Stress Index reached 32.0 degrees Celsius or above, namely 32.4 degrees on 12 August 2019, 32.2 degrees on 18 July 2019, and 32.0 degrees on 10 August 2019.
According to records, the total monthly solar radiation recorded at the King's Park meteorological station in July 2020 reached 676.83 megajoules per square metre, ranking fourth.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境（香港地方志中心） · p.317
climate
來源 Sources
呢一期條目引用 2 個已登記來源（一律《香港志》電子書同官方刊物本身，唔會引用二手轉述）。
《香港志·自然》自然環境 · 香港地方志中心 / Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment
《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育 · 香港地方志中心 / Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Environmental Protection and Conservation
