歷任港督 / Governor

磯谷廉介

Isogai Rennosuke

1942–1944年在任(日治時期總督)

領域:政治人物

繁體中文

磯谷廉介(1886–1967),日本陸軍中將,兵庫縣人,1886年9月3日出生,畢業於日本陸軍士官學校同陸軍大學校,長期喺中國從事情報同參謀工作,曾派駐北京、廣州等地,被視為日軍「四大中國通」之一。1930年代佢歷任軍中要職,1937年出任第10師團長;1938年4月率部參與台兒莊戰役,同年再投入徐州會戰,其後出任關東軍參謀長,其間第10師團喺台兒莊一帶同中國軍隊激戰,反覆爭奪,最終失利,傷亡逾萬,成為佢軍旅生涯嘅轉折。1941年12月25日日軍佔領香港後,香港先由酒井隆等嘅軍政廳管治;1942年2月20日改設總督部,磯谷以預備役中將身份出任香港佔領地首任總督,總督部總部設於中環滙豐銀行大廈,統轄民政、財政、警務等部門,直接向東京嘅大本營負責。佢任內推行軍政統治:發行軍票取代港幣、實施米糧配給、管制物資同言論,並以「歸鄉政策」強制遣返大量居民,令香港人口由戰前約一百六十萬大幅下降至戰後約六十萬;佢亦推行日語教育同改名制度,把香港街道、建築改以日式名稱,又將皇后像廣場嘅維多利亞女皇銅像拆走運回日本。日治之下,香港嘅行政、司法同教育由日籍官員主導,物價飛漲、糧食短缺,居民生活困苦,不少人被強制遣返或遷往內地。戰局逆轉之下,1944年12月24日佢離任調往台灣,總督一職由田中久一接任。戰後佢被南京軍事法庭作為戰犯起訴,1947年7月22日判處終身監禁,1949年2月移送東京巢鴨監獄,1952年8月假釋出獄。1967年6月6日逝世。

English

Rennosuke Isogai (1886-1967) was a lieutenant general of the Imperial Japanese Army, born in Hyogo Prefecture on 3 September 1886 and a graduate of the Army Academy and the Army War College; he served long spells in China as an intelligence and staff officer and was regarded as one of the army's four leading China hands. He held senior command posts in the 1930s, took command of the 10th Division in 1937, and in 1938 fought at Taierzhuang and in the Battle of Xuzhou before becoming chief of staff of the Kwantung Army; the 10th Division's failure at Taierzhuang, where it suffered more than ten thousand casualties, marked a turning point in his career. After Japan seized Hong Kong on 25 December 1941 the colony was first run by a military administration under Takashi Sakai; on 20 February 1942 a Governor's Office was set up and Isogai, then a lieutenant general on the reserve list, became the first Governor of occupied Hong Kong, with its headquarters in the HSBC building in Central, controlling civil, financial and police affairs under the direct authority of imperial headquarters in Tokyo. His rule was military government in the fullest sense: military scrip replaced the Hong Kong dollar, rice was rationed, goods and expression were controlled, Japanese-language education and renaming were imposed, and a repatriation policy deported large numbers of residents, cutting the population from about 1.6 million before the war to roughly 600,000 afterwards. He also had the statue of Queen Victoria in Statue Square removed and shipped to Japan. Under his administration prices soared, food was scarce and daily life was hard, with many residents deported or forced into the mainland. As the war turned against Japan he was transferred to Taiwan on 24 December 1944, Hisakazu Tanaka succeeding him. After the war the Nanjing military tribunal tried him as a war criminal, sentenced him to life imprisonment on 22 July 1947, moved him to Sugamo Prison in February 1949 and released him on parole in August 1952; he died on 6 June 1967.

人物小檔 Profile

職業Occupation

日本陸軍中將、香港佔領地首任總督(日治時期)

年期Active period

1942–1944年在任(日治時期總督)

代表作Notable works

1942年成立香港佔領地總督部,推行軍政統治與歸鄉政策

資料整理日期 / Compiled: 2026-09-13

權威檔 Authority record

一個人一個穩定代號(slug)同呢幾項別名,跨頁統一引用;外連指向同一人物的權威出處。

  • Rensuke Isogai · name

    英文名

  • 日佔時期首位總督 · variant

    身份

同一權威識別:https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1202067

主要成就 Key Achievements

1938

率日軍第10師團參與徐州會戰,包括台兒莊一役。

Led the Japanese 10th Division in the Battle of Xuzhou, including the fighting at Taierzhuang.

1942

2月20日出任香港佔領地首任總督,推行軍票、配給同歸鄉政策。

Became the first Governor of occupied Hong Kong on 20 February, imposing military scrip, rationing and repatriation.

1947

被南京軍事法庭判處終身監禁,1949年移送巢鴨監獄,1952年假釋。

Sentenced to life imprisonment by the Nanjing military tribunal, moved to Sugamo Prison in 1949 and paroled in 1952.

影響與傳承 Impact & Legacy

繁體中文

磯谷廉介嘅三年統治令香港人口由約一百六十萬暴跌至約六十萬,係香港史上最劇烈嘅人口變動之一;軍票、配給同歸鄉政策徹底改寫咗香港嘅經濟同社會結構,影響延續至戰後重建。

English

Isogai's three-year rule cut Hong Kong's population from about 1.6 million to roughly 600,000, one of the sharpest demographic collapses in the city's history; military scrip, rationing and repatriation reshaped its economy and society long into the post-war rebuild.

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