歷任港督 / Governor

田中久一

Tanaka Hisaichi

1889–1947

領域:政治人物

繁體中文

田中久一(1889年3月16日—1947年3月27日),本姓小金井,後過繼為田中八作的養子,日本兵庫縣人,日本陸軍中將。他1910年5月畢業於日本陸軍士官學校第22期,1918年畢業於陸軍大學校第30期,1937年12月升任陸軍少將,此後長年任職於參謀系統。1938年2月他出任台灣軍參謀長,同年9月改任第21軍參謀長,參與指揮日軍在廣東大亞灣登陸及攻佔廣州。1940年9月他升任中將並接掌第21師團,翌年負責進攻法屬印度支那,即所謂「佛印作戰」。1943年3月1日他改任第23軍司令官,主管華南軍事,司令部駐廣州,統轄廣東一帶的日軍,1944年並參與指揮進攻廣西、湖南的湘桂作戰。1944年12月,日軍改組香港佔領地政府,磯谷廉介調任台灣,田中久一獲任命兼任香港佔領地總督,該職自1945年2月1日起生效,至8月15日日本投降為止。1945年8月日本宣布無條件投降後,他先後在廣州向張發奎第二方面軍、在汕頭向余漢謀第七戰區簽署降書;9月16日香港受降儀式在總督府(今禮賓府)舉行,日方由岡田梅吉少將等代表向英國海軍少將夏愨投降,三年零八個月的日治時期結束。戰後他被列為乙級戰犯,1945年12月送交美軍上海軍事法庭,1946年3月被追究在任香港佔領地總督期間「法外處決盟軍戰俘」之責,判處絞刑,其後因第23軍部隊在華的戰爭罪行轉交中國審判。1946年5月18日廣州行營軍事法庭開審,同年10月9日判處死刑;1947年3月27日他在廣州流花橋刑場被槍決,是在中國被處決的最高軍職日本軍人;其遺骸於1972年運回日本。

English

Hisakazu Tanaka (1889–1947), born in Hyogo Prefecture and originally surnamed Koganei, was a lieutenant general of the Imperial Japanese Army. A graduate of the Army Academy in 1910 and the Army War College in 1918, he became chief of staff of the Taiwan Army and then of the 21st Army in 1938, helping direct the landing at Bias Bay and the capture of Canton; promoted lieutenant general in 1940, he commanded the 21st Division in the invasion of French Indochina, and in March 1943 took command of the 23rd Army in South China, based in Canton. When the Japanese reorganised the Hong Kong occupied territory in December 1944 and Isogai Rennosuke was posted to Taiwan, Tanaka concurrently became Governor of occupied Hong Kong from 1 February 1945 until the surrender on 15 August. After Japan capitulated he signed surrender documents in Canton before Zhang Fakui's 2nd Army Group and in Swatow before Yu Hanmou's 7th War Area; the Hong Kong surrender ceremony took place at Government House on 16 September, when Major General Umekichi Okada and others surrendered to Rear-Admiral Cecil Harcourt of the Royal Navy, ending three years and eight months of Japanese occupation. Classified a Class B war criminal, he was sent to the US military tribunal in Shanghai in December 1945 and in March 1946 was condemned to death by hanging for the unlawful execution of Allied prisoners of war while governor, before being handed to China over his 23rd Army's crimes. His trial opened at the Canton military tribunal on 18 May 1946, sentence of death was passed on 9 October 1946, and he was shot at the Liuhua Bridge execution ground in Canton on 27 March 1947.

人物小檔 Profile

職業Occupation

日本陸軍中將、香港佔領地末任總督(日治時期)

年期Active period

1889–1947

代表作Notable works

1945年日本投降後代表日方接受香港受降安排

資料整理日期 / Compiled: 2026-09-13

權威檔 Authority record

一個人一個穩定代號(slug)同呢幾項別名,跨頁統一引用;外連指向同一人物的權威出處。

  • Hisao Tanaka · name

    英文名

  • 日佔時期末任總督 · variant

    身份

同一權威識別:https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1202070

主要成就 Key Achievements

1943

出任日軍第23軍司令官,主管華南軍事,駐地廣州

Took command of the Japanese 23rd Army in South China, based in Canton

1945

2月1日起兼任香港佔領地總督,至8月15日投降為止

Concurrently became Governor of occupied Hong Kong from 1 February until the surrender on 15 August

1947

3月27日在廣州流花橋刑場被槍決

Was executed by firing squad at the Liuhua Bridge ground in Canton on 27 March

影響與傳承 Impact & Legacy

繁體中文

作為香港佔領地末任總督,田中久一在1945年代表日方處理投降事宜,結束三年零八個月嘅日治;戰後佢被中美兩地法庭追究戰爭罪行並處決,其個案成為華南日軍指揮官戰爭責任嘅典型案例。

English

As the last governor of occupied Hong Kong, Tanaka handled the Japanese surrender in 1945 and ended three years and eight months of occupation. Tried and executed after the war, his case became a benchmark for the war responsibility of Japanese commanders in South China.

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